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Physical and genetic maps of chickpea a QTL related to Ascochyta blight resistance and located in LG2 (QTLAR3) have been constructed. Single-copy markers based on candidate genes located in the Ca2 pseudomolecule were for the first time obtained and found to be useful for refining the QTL position. The location of the QTLAR3 peak was linked to an ethylene insensitive 3-like gene (Ein3). The Ein3 gene...
The narrow genetic base of elite Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) germplasm has been a significant impediment to sustained progress in the development of cotton cultivars to meet the needs of growers and industry in recent years. The prospect of widening the genetic base of Upland cotton by accessing the genetic diversity and fiber quality of Pima cotton (Gossypium barbadense L.) has encouraged...
Anthocyanins affect the coloration of grape berry skin, which is an important determinant for consumer choice and grape marketability. Molecular mechanisms for anthocyanin accumulation in grape skin have been intensively studied. In Vitis vinifera, two adjacent MYB transcriptional factors, VvMybA1 and VvMybA2, regulate anthocyanin biosynthesis, and these genes can be regarded as a MYB haplotype. Interspecific...
Fertility restoration of CMS-based hybrids is an integral part of breeding hybrids and the development of new hybrid parents with desirable agronomic and market preferred traits on regular intervals is essential for sustainability of such programs. This paper reports identification of 25 male-sterility maintainers and 179 fertility restorers of A4 cytoplasm in pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp...
In almond, the presence of double seeded nuts significantly reduces their commercial value. For this reason, in breeding programs of this species, seedlings producing double seeds are usually eliminated. In order to avoid this trait in the offspring and increase the efficiency of the breeding programs it is important to know its genetic control. In this work, heritability of double seeds was estimated...
Premature senescence is an important limited factor for the short season cotton (SSC), which decreases yield and declines fiber quality. The activity of antioxidant enzyme, methane dicarboxylic aldehyde (MDA) content and chlorophyll content is related with premature senescence. The present study is aimed to investigate the heredity and relationship of the antioxidant enzymes catalase (CAT), peroxidase...
Members of the APETALA2/ethylene response factor (AP2/ERF) transcription factor superfamily are widely present in plants and play important roles in the plant cell cycle, growth and development, as well as the response to biotic and abiotic stresses. The maize genome project has been completed; therefore, it is possible to identify all of the AP2/ERF genes in the maize genome. In this study, 184 AP2/ERF...
Cotton fiber quality was quantitative trait, controlled by multiple genes. Identification of stable quantitative trait loci (QTL) effectively contributing to favorable fiber quality traits would provide the key basis for marker-assisted selection used in molecular breeding projects. Three upland cotton F2 populations were established with a common parent Chinese cultivar Yumian 1 and three American...
Increasing sugar content in silage maize stalk improves its forage quality and palatability. The genetic mapping and characterization of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) is considered a valuable tool for trait enhancement, yet little information on QTL for stalk sugar content in maize has been reported. To this end, we investigated QTLs associated with stalk sugar traits including Brix, plant height...
Grain yield potential in cereals results from the contributions of three main components: inflorescence number per plant, grain number per inflorescence and mean grain weight. In rice, the Dense and erect panicle(DEP1) gene affects three important quantitative traits of the inflorescence and DEP1 homologs have been reported in barley and wheat. In this work, we have performed a detailed characterization...
Nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) in cultivated rice has become of utmost importance due to ecological and economical consequences of nitrogen (N) losses. However, detailed information on the components of NUE—physiological, absorption and agronomical NUEs—is lacking. The present study aimed to determine the components of NUE for three cultivars of Asian and African rices [IR64 (Oryza sativa indica),...
There is a renewed interest in research and use of glandless (free of gossypol) Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) that can produce edible seeds for human food and animal feed. However, there was a lack of information on yield potential of existing glandless germplasm since intermittent breeding activities for glandless cotton were stopped in the U.S. before 2000. The objectives of the present...
Pea powdery mildew incited by Erysiphe pisi represents a major constraint for pea crop worldwide. Only three resistance genes (er1, er2 and Er3) have been identified in pea germplasm so far. Cellular and molecular aspects involved in their interaction with the pathogen are still unknown. In the present study, we selected three well-characterised powdery mildew pea accessions carrying each of these...
Seedling vigor is an important trait characterized by rapid development of vegetative cover above the soil surface, particularly in rainfed environments. To elucidate the genetic basis of seedling vigor, 207 F2:4 lines derived from Jingdong 8/Aikang 58 were investigated in the field at Beijing and Gaoyi, Hebei province, during the 2011–2012 and 2012–2013 cropping seasons. A total of 148 SSR markers...
Bacterial canker of kiwifruit, caused by a virulent strain of Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae (Psa), has resulted in serious damage to kiwifruit industry worldwide. The variability and inheritance of resistance to Psa and fruit characters in a disconnected factorial mating population of diploid Actinidia chinensis Planch were investigated. Significant variation in all characters was found, and...
In roses the problems associated with inter-specific breeding include low percent of seed set and lack or low percent of seed germination. Low seed set is usually due to non-amenable parents, which may have different ploidy level or other divergences that result in embryo abortion at early stages of development. Lack of seed germination is mostly attributed to the mechanical restrictions such as thick...
China has a long history in garlic cultivation and is the biggest country of garlic production in the world. 375 accessions of garlic from 23 provinces and areas in China has been collected and preserved in national germplasm repository for vegetatively propagated vegetables in Beijing since 2002. However, the genetic background and diversity of garlic from China has not been well characterized. In...
Aphids such as the bird cherry-oat aphid (Rhopalosiphum padi L.) are serious pests in agriculture worldwide. Partially resistant barley genotypes have been produced in a breeding program for resistance to R. padi. The resistance is manifested as smaller aphids after a certain period of nymphal growth on the test plants. A large number of doubled haploid breeding lines thereby characterized as partially...
Downy mildew, caused by Pseudoperonospora cubensis (Berk. & Curt.) Rostov, is one of the most economically important foliar diseases in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). Cucumber line CS-PMR1, derived from self-pollination of USDA Plant Introduction 197088, has a high level of resistance to downy mildew and is considered to be promising breeding material. In this study, we performed quantitative...
EST–SSRs of Gossypium barbadense are mainly developed using traditional Sanger sequencing. However, due to the high cost and low throughput of Sanger sequencing, it is necessary to use high throughput sequencing technology for the development of more ESTs to more effectively analyze the structure and function of this species. In this study, a G. barbadense acc. 3–79 unnormalized fiber cDNA library...
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