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The genomic structure of Oryza species is informative to widen the genetic base and to design strategies for more efficient rice improvement programs. 384-plex GoldenGate SNP genotyping of 48 accessions of cultivated and wild species were used to determine the population structure and to explore the variation in stigma and style length of Oryza species. More than 98 % of the SNPs were amplified in...
Dwarfing genes play a major role in development of semi-dwarf cultivars of various cereals, but in rye this type of cultivar is still not common. Several recessive and dominant dwarfing genes in rye have been reported. Among the known dominant dwarfing genes in rye, two are well characterised: Ddw1 from the 5RL chromosome and Ddw2 located on 7R. This study was aimed at characterisation of the K11...
We produced polyploid Haskap (Lonicera caerulea var. emphyllocalyx) plants by performing interploid and intraploid crosses of wild accessions. Embryo rescue in a tetraploid (4x) × diploid (2x) cross produced triploid plants; reciprocal 2x × 4x cross failed to produce viable seeds. Intraploidy crosses of 4x × 4x produced mostly tetraploids but also several hexaploid (6x) and octoploid (8x) plants....
Oryza glaberrima accessions harbor genes for tolerance to abiotic stresses such as mineral deficiency in problem soils. This genetic potential could be exploited in interspecific crosses with Oryza sativa, as in the case of the ‘New Rice for Africa’ (NERICA) varieties; however, to attain this goal it would be desirable to develop a high-throughput marker system to specifically detect O. glaberrima...
High seed cost is a major factor limiting the adoption of hybrid rice in South and Southeast Asian countries. A practical way to improve hybrid seed production is to increase the outcrossing rate in rice. Several studies reveal that perennial wild Oryza species have a higher outcrossing rate than annual species. Among various traits that influence outcrossing, pistil characteristics are the most crucial...
Bacterial leaf streak (BLS; caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. translucens) has become a serious disease of wheat (Triticum aestivum) in the Midwest USA. This study was conducted to map quantitative trait loci (QTL) controlling resistance to BLS in spring wheat using an identity by descent (IBD) mapping approach. The mapping population consisted of 825 individuals representing 60 families. Resistance...
Gibberellic acid (GA) plays an essential role in many plant growth and developmental processes. Overexpression of rice (Oryza sativa L.) HOMEOBOX4 (OsHox4) gene in rice variety IR64 under the control of CaMV 35s promoter caused varying degrees of dwarfism and bushy tillers. Further investigation showed that over-expression of OsHox4 in indica rice induced semi-dwarf by repressing stems cell elongation...
Salinity is globally a major constraint for crop production. Breeding for salinity tolerance is an effective approach to improve crop production and productivity under saline conditions provided it is based on a good understanding of the genetic control of salinity tolerance. This study deals with mapping QTLs for salinity tolerance in durum wheat (Triticum durum) by association analysis using SSR...
Crested wheatgrass (Agropyron cristatum L. Gaertn.) is a perennial species of economic importance as forage that also displays potentially valuable traits for wheat improvement trough intergeneric hybridization. In order to incorporate resistance genes from A. cristatum against wheat leaf rust (Puccinia triticina Erikss.) into common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) a breeding programme was carried out...
Soil salinity is a major constraint to rice production. Na+ and K+ concentrations and ion balance play important roles in the salt tolerance of rice. In the present study, linkage mapping and association mapping were used to identify the QTLs for the visual tolerance score (SES), and the concentrations of Na+ and K+ in shoots (SNC and SKC) and roots (RNC and RKC). A BC2F2:3 population with 137 SSR...
Yield losses of maize due to drought stress (DS) in environments with limited rains can reach 100 %. Introgression of favorable alleles from diverse landraces into adapted elite varieties will improve performance, hence reducing losses. The objective of this study was to assess the performance of BC populations under DS and multiple locations (ML) after introgression of alleles from diverse maize...
Cooler canopy temperatures and glaucousness have both been identified as adaptive traits for improving abiotic stress tolerance in wheat. The objective of this study was to determine if glaucousness resulting from the constitutive production of leaf cuticular waxes was associated with cooler leaf and spike temperatures under heat stress and to identify associated quantitative trait loci (QTL). A set...
Development of gibberella ear rot (GER) resistant genotypes in maize is important to reduce yield loss and most importantly to avoid mycotoxin contamination of food and feed. The objective of the current study was to investigate the effect of kernel drydown rate (KDD) on GER disease development and to test whether using KDD as an indirect selection trait could warrant selection gains for GER resistance...
Appropriate analysis of plant breeding trials is critical for the accurate assessment of test lines and selection decisions. The objectives of this study were two-fold: firstly, to examine the performance of two-dimensional spatial models based on the first order separable autoregressive process in comparison with randomised complete block (RCB) and randomisation based (RB) models in analysis of cotton...
An increased oleic acid concentration improves the nutritional value and oxidative stability of soybean seed oil. High oleic acid soybean cultivars should have desirable agronomic and compositional traits such as a high seed yield, protein and oil concentrations compared to popular, commercially grown cultivars. A high oleic acid soybean line, JD11-0070, was compared to three commercial soybean cultivars...
Understanding the inter-play plant–pollinator is essential to develop ecosystem services of faba bean and improved populations for low-input systems. We analyzed the phenotypic selection exerted by pollinators on floral traits involved in the plant pollinator inter-play. We test whether variation in pollinator-related floral traits is associated with differences among plants in seed production patterns...
To enrich the source of germplasm of cultivated olive (Olea europaea subsp. europaea L.), inter-subspecific hybrid plants have been produced by experimental crosses between several varieties of cultivated olive and Asian and African accessions of the wild related subspecies cuspidata. Germination of putative hybrid seeds was enhanced by using in vitro embryo culture. The genetic make-up of germinated...
Cotton is an important fiber crop worldwide. Improved fiber quality is a driving force for cotton genetic studies and breeding. A BC1 population containing 115 individuals from a cross between Gossypium hirsutum cv. CCRI8 and G. barbadense cv. Pima 90-53 was established, and 519 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers, two conserved intron-scanning primers (CISPs), and transcript-derived fragments (TDFs)...
The total growth duration (TGD), the days from emergence to maturation of the soybean, can be divided into vegetative period (VP) and reproductive period (RP). The ratio of RP to VP (R/V) is an index to investigate evolutionary trends and understand the relationships between different growth periods. To increase our understanding of growth period traits with emphasis on R/V, four generation segregated...
Cotton fiber quality traits are controlled by multiple genes of minor effect. Identification of significant and stable quantitative trait loci (QTL) across environments and populations lays foundation for marker-assisted selection for fiber quality improvement and studies of its molecular regulation. Here, a detailed genetic map is constructed and QTL are detected based on an intraspecific recombinant...
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