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Isothermal remanent magnetization (IRM) acquisition and alternating field (A.F.) demagnetization analyses were performed on human heart, spleen and liver samples resected from cadavers. The magnetic properties of the samples were measured both at 77K and at 273K. A.F. demagnetization was performed at 273K. Results from the analyses of the tissue indicate the presence of ferromagnetic, fine-grained,...
Autopsied liver tissue samples collected from 42 males and 31 females were analyzed for copper, manganese and zinc using atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). With the exception of two liver samples for which the copper levels were determined to be 74.8 and 104.0 μg/g (dry weight), hepatic copper concentrations were found to range from 1.7 to 32.4 μg/g with a mean concentration of 14.2 μg/g and standard...
Hypotransferrinemia is a genetic defect in mice resultingin 1% of normal plasma transferrin (Tf) concen-trations;heterozygotes for thismutation (+/hpx) have low circulating Tf concentrations. These mice providea unique opportunity toexamine the developmental pattern and response of Tf to iron-deficient diets, andfurthermore,to address the controversial role of Tf in Mn transport. Twenty-three weanling...
Metallothionein (MT) and cadmium (Cd) contents were determined in the subcellular fractions of the liver and kidneys of bank voles exposed for 6 weeks to elevated levels of dietary Cd-40 and 80 μg g-1 dry weight. Hepatic and renal MT was detected exclusively in the cytosol, while Cd was found in the cytosol (73–79% of the total content), nuclei (14–18%) and particulates (4–9%). The concentration of...
In the present investigation sub-chronic hepatic necrosis was induced by cadmium chloride and was examined biochemically, haematologically and histopathologically in order to study the time-dependent effect and correlation among the parameters. Male balb/c mice were injected with cadmium chloride (2.5 mg/kg bw s.c.) for each other day and, sacrificed on the 7th day, 14th day and 21th day post exposure...
The effect of calcium supplementation on absorption and retention of cadmium in the suckling period was evaluated in Wistar rat pups of both sexes. Animals were maintained in the litters with the mother rats and supplemented with 1%, 3% or 6% calcium (as CaHPO4×2H2O) in cow's milk by artificial feeding from day of birth 6 through 14. All rats were exposed to cadmium (as CdCl2×H2O) either orally or...
The effects of latent iron deficiency combined with parenteral subchronic or acute cadmium exposure during pregnancy on maternal and fetal tissue distribution of cadmium, iron and zinc, and on fetal viability were evaluated. Timed-pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were fed on semisynthetic test diets with either high iron (240 mg kg) or low iron (10 mg kg), and concomitantly exposed to 0, 3 or 5 mg cadmium...
The use of mercury containing skin-lightening creams are becoming increasingly popular among dark-skinned women. The long term use of certain brands may cause serious health effects over the years. In the present study, we investigated the dermal absorption of mercury and its accumulation in the tissues of albino and pigmented mice treated with two brands of mercury containing skin-lightening creams...
Copper-transporting ATPase ATP7B (Wilson disease protein) is a member of the P-type ATPase family with characteristic domain structure and distinct ATP-binding site. ATP7B plays a central role in the regulation of copper homeostasis in the liver by delivering copper to the secretory pathway and mediating export of excess copper into the bile. The dual function of ATP7B in hepatocytes is coupled with...
Wilson’s disease carriers constitute 1% of the human population. It is unknown whether Wilson’s disease carriers are at increased susceptibility to copper overload when exposed to chronically high levels of ingested copper. This study investigated the effect of chronic excess copper in drinking water on the heterozygous form of the Wilson's disease mouse model – the toxic milk (tx) mouse. Mice were...
Most infectious diseases are accompanied by changed levels of several trace elements in the blood. However, sequential changes in trace elements in tissues harbouring bacterial infections have not been studied. In the present study the respiratory pathogen Chlamydophilapneumoniae (C. pneumoniae), adapted to C57BL/6J mice, was used to study whether the balance of trace elements is changed...
Tamoxifen (TX), a drug used in the treatment of breast cancer, may cause hepatic changes in some patients. The consequences of its use on the liver tissues of rats with or without diabetes mellitus (DM) have not been fully explored. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the correlation between plasma hepatic enzyme levels and the presence of iron overload in the hepatic tissue of female Wistar...
Background Trace elements are involved in many key pathways involving cell cycle control. The levels of trace metals such as iron, copper, and zinc in colorectal liver metastases have not previously been assessed. Methods The trace element content in snap-frozen cancerous liver tissue from patients who underwent liver resection for colorectal liver metastases was compared with the normal surrounding...
This study was designed to investigate the susceptibility of liver and brain tissues, as insulin-independent tissues, of normal adult male rats to the oxidative challenge of subchronic supplementation with chromium picolinate (CrPic) at low (human equivalent) and high doses (2.90 and 13.20 μg Cr kg−1 day−1, respectively). Also, the modulative effect of CrPic administration on the enhanced oxidative...
Liver aquaglyceroporin AQP9 facilitates movement of trivalent inorganic arsenite (AsIII) and organic monomethylarsonous acid (MAsIII). However, the transport pathway for the two major pentavalent arsenic cellular metabolites, MAsV and DMAsV, remains unknown in mammals. These products of arsenic metabolism, in particular DMAsV, are the major arsenicals excreted in the urine of mammals. In this study,...
Manganese is a trace element that is an essential co-factor in many enzymes critical to diverse biological pathways. However, excess Mn2+ leads to neurotoxicity, with psychiatric and motor dysfunction resembling parkinsonism. The liver is the main organ for Mn2+ detoxification by excretion into bile. Although many pathways of cellular Mn2+ uptake have been established, efflux mechanisms remain essentially...
Niemann-Pick type C disease (NPC) is a hereditary neurovisceral atypical lipid storage disorder produced by mutations in the NPC1 and NPC2 genes. The disease is characterized by unesterified cholesterol accumulation in late endosomal/lysosomal compartments and oxidative stress. The most affected tissues are the cerebellum and the liver. The lysotropic drug U18666A (U18) has been widely used as a pharmacological...
AQP9 is an aquaglyceroporin with a very broad substrate spectrum. In addition to its orthodox nutrient substrates, AQP9 also transports multiple neutral and ionic arsenic species including arsenic trioxide, monomethylarsenous acid (MAsIII) and dimethylarsenic acid (DMAV). Here we discovered a new group of AQP9 substrates which includes two clinical relevant selenium species. We showed that AQP9 efficiently...
Autophagy is a conserved mechanism that plays a housekeeping role by eliminating protein aggregates and damaged organelles. Recent studies have demonstrated that acute ethanol intoxication induces hepatic autophagy in mice. The effect of dietary zinc intake on hepatic autophagic flux during ethanol intoxication has not been evaluated using animal models. Herein, we investigated whether zinc deficiency...
Different mutations in the copper transporter gene Atp7b are identified as the primary cause of Wilson’s disease. These changes result in high copper concentrations especially in the liver and brain, and consequently lead to a dysfunction of these organs. The Atp7(−/−) mouse is an established animal model for Wilson’s disease and characterized by an abnormal copper accumulation, a low serum oxidase...
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