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Summary The Carboniferous, particularly during the Serpukhovian and Bashkirian time, was a period of scarce shallow-water calcimicrobial-microbialite reef growth. Organic frameworks developed on high-rising platforms are, however, recorded in the Precaspian Basin subsurface, Kazakhstan, Russia, Japan and Spain and represent uncommon occurrences within the general trend of low accumulation rates and...
In this paper, the sedimentology and the stratigraphic architecture of the Devonian Santa Lucia Formation in the Cantabrian Mountains of NW-Spain are described. The Santa Lucia Formation consists of 11 different facies that can be attributed to peritidal/lagoonal, intertidal and subtidal facies associations. These facies associations are arranged in small-scale sedimentary cycles. Three different...
Sessile barnacle assemblages, dominated by Concavus concavus (Bronn) and Balanus perforatus Bruguière, are very abundant in the Lower Pliocene deposits of the Almería-Níjar and Carboneras basins (southeastern Spain). They occur in shallow-coastal siliciclastic and mixed siliciclastic-carbonate sediments, forming dense concentrations in two contexts: (1) sheltered shallow-marine depressions and (2)...
The hemipelagic domain of the ancient southern continental margin of Iberia is home to a strongly condensed pelagic succession (6–15 cm thick) characterized by the presence of phosphate stromatolites. This succession, probably generated in the slope of the continental margin, records a period of some 9 Ma, corresponding to the latest Maastrichtian to Late Thanetian interval. A microstratigraphical...
The Middle Jurassic of the Intermediate Domain, in the northern Subbetic (External zones of the Betic Cordillera, SE, Spain), reveals the transition from hemipelagic limestones (Baños Formation) to overlying shallow-water oolitic limestones (Jabalcuz Formation). Near La Guardia (Jaén), the basal part of the succession that records this transition comprises clast-supported calcareous breccias 24 m...
Currently, the different roles of peloidal micrites are not well understood in matrix-supported bioconstructions such as mud mounds. Upper Viséan outcrops from Guadiato Valley, Cordoba Province, SW Spain provide well-preserved peloidal-dominated mud mounds. Microstructual analysis of these mud mounds has allowed us to establish 13 microfabrics. Although peloids are conspicuous constituents in the...
Shallow-marine microporous limestones account for many carbonate reservoirs. Their formation, however, remains poorly understood. Due to the lack of recent appropriate marine analogues, this study uses a lacustrine counterpart to examine the diagenetic processes controlling the development of intercrystalline microporosity. Late Miocene lacustrine microporous micrites of the Madrid Basin (Spain) have...
Lithocodium aggregatum Elliott is interpreted as a heterotrichale chlorophycean alga with a prostrate and erect system within a well-calcified tissue. Within Lower Aptian coral rubble of the western Maestrat Basin, Spain, it forms thick masses of juxtaposed crusts around the bioclasts. In achieving a rapid and complete encrustation of the available bioclasts, Lithocodium applied several strategies,...
A well-preserved Pennsylvanian (early Moscovian) succession including Donezella mounds, which accumulated in a highly subsiding foreland basin (Cantabrian Zone, NW of Spain), is described and discussed. This succession has been interpreted as one 3rd-order sequence reaching a thickness up to 815 m and recording ~2.3-My duration. It consists of four 4th-order transgressive–regressive (T-R) sequences...
Bačinella irregularis was described by Radoičić (Bull Serv Géol Géophys Rep Serbie 17:87–92, 1959) as an alga incertae sedis. Based on material from the Lower Aptian of the western Maestrat Basin (Spain), the genus Bačinella with its various species is revised; an emended diagnosis is given as well as a detailed description. Bačinella is interpreted as an organism that excavated complex branching...
The new species Archaeolithophyllumasymmetricum nov. sp., from the Bachende Formation (Pennsylvanian, Cantabrian Zone, NW Spain), is described herein using cathodoluminescence microscopy. Under plane-polarized light, A. asymmetricum occurs as elongate and arcuate sheets preserved as calcitic mosaics of tiny anhedral to subhedral crystals. Cathodoluminescence has revealed that skeletal walls are composed...
Zoophycos is a well-known trace fossil common throughout the Phanerozoic. Paleozoic forms show important differences in morphology and habitat distribution with respect to the Jurassic, Cretaceous, and Cenozoic ones. Therefore, Early–Middle Triassic is considered a crucial time-span for the understanding of the evolution of this trace fossil. So far, Early Triassic Zoophycos is unknown and Middle...
The Upper Cretaceous Terradets Limestone of the south Pyrenean Basin consists of two subunits, named the Lower Terradets and the Upper Terradets. In the Lower Terradets subunit, sedimentological features and fossil content permit distinguishing mid-ramp, bioclastic shoal and inner-ramp lagoonal facies associations, each characterized by a distinctive larger foraminiferal assemblage. Mid-ramp facies...
The Upper Cretaceous Terradets Limestone of the south Pyrenean Basin consists of two subunits, named the Lower Terradets and the Upper Terradets. In the Lower Terradets subunit, sedimentological features and fossil content permit distinguishing mid-ramp, bioclastic shoal and inner-ramp lagoonal facies associations, each characterized by a distinctive larger foraminiferal assemblage. Mid-ramp facies...
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