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Key message Neck cells inGinkgo bilobacontribute to archegonial opening through morphological changes and might be involved in the production of fertilization liquid to attract spermatozoids toward archegonia. Abstract Neck cells are an essential part of the archegonium in archegoniate gymnosperms, but their function in the sexual reproductive...
Key messageVariability in xylem and phloem phenology among years and species is caused by contrasting temperatures prevailing at the start of the growing season and species-specific sensitivity to drought. Abstract The focus of this study was to determine temporal dynamics of xylem and phloem formation in co-occurring deciduous and evergreen coniferous species in a dry inner Alpine environment...
Key messageThe genotype ‘Neva’ under high plant density showed the highest biomass yield and optimal physiological strategies and could be the most suitable choice under semi-arid environment Abstract The poplars (Populus spp.) are the most sensitive plants to water deficit conditions among the woody species utilized for biomass production for energetic purposes; their productivity is associated...
Key messageThe muted wood isotopic signal in slow-growing trees of unthinned stands indicates lower responsiveness to changing environmental conditions compared to fast-growing trees in thinned stands. Abstract To examine the physiological processes associated with higher growth rates after thinning, we analyzed the oxygen isotopic values in wood (δ18Ow) of 12 ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa...
Key messageMongolian pine in a sparse wood grassland stand maintains a relatively stable state under the current water conditions by varying its water use sources at a constant water use efficiency. Abstract In a semi-arid sandy ecosystem, water is one of the most important factors influencing survival and growth of Mongolian pine in a sparse wood grassland (MPSWG); however, the mechanism...
Key message SA treatment effectively ameliorated the negative effect of moderate drought stress onT. grandisSeedlings through increasing the water content, Pn, proline content, antioxidant enzymes activity and reducing MDA. Abstract Water availability is one of the most critical factors that limits the growth and development of plants. Salicylic acid (SA) is an important signal molecule that...
Key messageThe results indicate the usability of DIC technique in tree biomechanics is advantageous compared to standard procedure since it reveals the induced strain in full-field way, accurately and noninvasively. Abstract The goal of this study was to analyze and measure the displacement and strain response behavior of the tree (Juglans regia L.) subjected to a mechanical load. The analysis...
Key message An increase in Ca2+concentration in the nucleus may activate the PCD of secretory cavity cells, and further Ca2+accumulation contributes to the regulation of nuclear DNA degradation. Abstract Calcium plays an important role in plant programmed cell death (PCD). Previously, we confirmed that PCD was involved in the degradation of secretory cavity cells in Citrus sinensis (L...
Key messageThe Amazonian treeSenna reticulatashowed an increase in photosynthesis and starch content under elevated [CO2] that led an increment in biomass after 90days. Elevated [CO2] was also capable of reducing the negative effect of waterlogging. Abstract Tree species from the Amazonian floodplains have to cope with low oxygen availability due to annual pulses of inundation...
Key message Depending on salt concentrations, different mechanisms are involved in the tolerance of pistachio and an acclimation to salinity conditions occurs in the leaves that develop in the presence of salt. Abstract Pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) is a salt tolerant species that is considered an alternative crop for cultivation in salinzied orchard soils. In this work, 12-week-old pistachio seedlings...
Key messageMangroves in rapidly expanding Southeast Asian river deltas form floristically simple zones dominated by a few highly regenerative species adaptable or tolerant to rapid sedimentation and extensive river flooding. Abstract The size class distribution, community composition and spatial structure of five representative mangrove forests in the rapidly expanding Cimanuk river delta...
Key messageBased on time courses of individual antioxidant compounds, bark phenolic metabolism has been recognised to integrate ascorbate–glutathione system as a redox hub in Norway spruce defence againstCeratocystis polonicainfection. Abstract Temporal courses of individual phenolics, thiols and ascorbate were studied in Norway spruce phloem over a 5-month period after inoculation at...
Key messageAs in mature forests, seedlings responded positively to N supply in terms of mass and architecture, especiallyN. obliqua.P became a secondary-limiting nutrient forN. nervosawith increased N addition. Abstract Previous studies on mature forests of NW Argentinean Patagonia indicated that N is the main growth-limiting nutrient in most dominant tree species, while P limitation...
Key messageThe developed model of gravitropism takes non-instantaneous maturation of wood into account which enabled to correctly simulate different gravitropic phases and realistic internal stress profiles. Abstract A new biomechanical model of tree movement in relation to gravity (gravitropism) is proposed in this study. The modelling of the progressive maturation of wood cells is taken...
Key messageDendroclimatology can be a useful tool in assessing moisture stress tolerance in tree species that form distinct annual rings, especially in natural selection. Abstract This study is an attempt to demonstrate the use of dendroclimatology in assessing moisture stress response of teak. Genetic diversity of 48 teak clones was assessed using teak-specific microsatellite markers. Their...
Key messageThe role of transporters in imparting salt tolerance to mangroves is not yet understood. Identification of the role of transporters in halophytes is promising, as far as the development of genetically engineered salt tolerant crops is concerned. Abstract Mangroves are models for stress tolerance and they provide a reservoir for some of the novel genes and proteins, involved in salt...
Key message Our study aims to define isotopic and anatomical responses to fires ofP. halepensis. Main results: decrease in tree growth and relative conductivity and increase in water use efficiency. Abstract We investigated the ecophysiological responses of a Pinus halepensis Mill. stand surviving two wildfires in southern France. Basal area, isotope composition and anatomical traits were...
Key messageEucalyptusandAcaciaspecies were surprisingly similar with respect to variations in δ13C, δ15N. Both genera respond with speciation and associated changes in leaf structure to drought. Abstract Stable carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios (δ13C and δ15N) in leaves of eucalypts (Corymbia and Eucalyptus) and Acacia (and some additional Fabaceae) species were investigated...
Key messageDistinct species-specific differences were found in the response to temperature, precipitation and the self-calibrated Palmer Drought Severity Index that are confirmed by pointer year analyzes and superposed epoch analyzes. Abstract Trees in urban environments are exposed to heat stress, low air humidity and soil drought. The increasing temperatures and the more frequent heat and...
Key messageBy using a simple and rapid technique, the degree of vessel deviations in the stem xylem could be evaluated and compared between different plant species. The degree of vessel deviations was suggested to be one of the main factors determining the hydraulic integration in woody stems. Abstract The main objective of this study was to investigate the role of vessel tangential deviations...
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