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The ability of silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) to acclimate to different levels of irradiance was tested with 3-year-old seedlings, grown for 2years in a nursery close to Nancy (eastern France) under 100, 48, 18 and 8% of incident irradiance (neutral shade nets). Growth, total nutrients in needles, maximal carboxylation rate (Vcmax), maximal light driven electron flow (Jmax) and the relative amount...
We studied the responses of leaf water potential (Ψw), morphology, biomass accumulation and allocation, and canopy productivity index (CPI) to the combined effects of elevated CO2 and drought stress in Caragana intermedia seedlings. Seedlings were grown at two CO2 concentrations (350 and 700 μmol mol−1) interacted with three water regimes (60–70%, 45–55%, and 30–40% of field capacity of soil). Elevated...
We studied the effects of twig size and altitude on biomass allocation within plant twigs (terminal branches of current-year shoots), to determine whether species with large twigs/leaves or living at low altitude allocate a higher proportion of biomass to laminas than their counterparts with small twigs/leaves or living at high altitude. Stem mass, lamina mass and area, and petiole mass were measured...
Water-table depth variations alter root growth response and may affect whole-plant growth in arid and semi-arid regions. We examined how root biomass allocation and root morphological traits affect the leaf physiological and morphological traits and whole-plant growth of Populus alba growing under different water tables. We exposed 1-year-old P. alba cuttings to contrasting soil–water conditions via...
Biomass conversion and expansion factors (BCEF) which convert tree stem volume to whole tree biomass and biomass allocation patterns in young trees were studied in order to estimate tree and stand biomass in naturally regenerated forests. European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.), Sessile oak (Quercus petraea (Mattuschka) Liebl.) and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stands were compared. Seven forest stands...
This study was conducted to determine whether plants in the presence or absence of competition differ in their responses to warming, and whether density modifies the effect of warming. Picea purourea seedlings were grown under ambient and warming (ambient +2.2 °C) conditions in climate control chambers with two different planting densities. After 4 years, seedlings were harvested and measured for...
Key messageVertical and temporal patterns of tree architecture and their relationship with woody plant crown exposure index varied with succession in evergreen broad-leaved forests in eastern China. Abstract Linking temporal pattern of tree architecture with changing light conditions through forest succession is important for understanding plant adaptive strategies. We determined vertical...
Key messageLeaf to sapwood area ratio inCastanea sativais constant within a branch, but decreases with branch height. We propose a modeling approach to mitigate this effect. Abstract The pipe model theory postulates the constancy of the relationship between leaf to sapwood area among single parts and for a whole tree. By analyzing 218 branches...
Key messageLate-successional red spruce performed relatively better than faster growing black spruce under elevated carbon dioxide; this may be related to species’ shade tolerance. Abstract We compared growth, components of growth, and biomass allocation between two largely sympatric spruces, red spruce (Picea rubens Sarg.; RS) and black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) B.S.P.; BS) using 12 populations...
Key messageIn black spruce stands on permafrost, trees and understory plants showed higher biomass allocation especially to ‘thin’ fine roots (diam.<0.5mm) when growing on shallower permafrost table. Abstract Black spruce (Picea mariana) forests in interior Alaska are located on permafrost and show greater below-ground biomass allocation than non-permafrost...
Key message Under drought, P. sylvestris produces more needle vs. xylem biomass to prevent C reserve imbalances, whereas T. platyphyllos invests in water transport efficiency, producing wider vessels at the stem apex. Abstract Phenomena of tree decline and mortality are increasing worldwide as a consequence of the higher temperatures accompanying drought events. Studying changes in biomass allocation...
Key message In some lianas the use of trellis modifies within-plant biomass allocation and stimulates growth, however in other species trellis use may negatively affect growth indicating a cost associated with climbing. Abstract In order to improve access to light, lianas use other plants as climbing trellises. Whereas in shaded lianas climbing a trellis may enhance biomass gain by increasing leaf-level...
Key message Rhizophora stylosa Griff. exhibits thermal acclimatization of leaf respiration, but does not maintain high photosynthetic performance under new growth temperatures. Abstract Mangrove plants are distributed across the majority of the world’s tropical and subtropical coastlines. How they respond to new growth temperatures is poorly understood. To obtain this information, we collected Rhizophora stylosa...
Key message Trees display contrasting specialized annual shoots during their life-span and along with ontogeny-driven modifications in their branching pattern, they can fulfill different combinations of light exploitation and space exploration functions Abstract Tree ontogeny is related to major changes in tree structure and function at different scales, from individual organs to the whole tree...
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