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In this paper, we propose a multiple line extraction method from multimodal data points in high dimensional space. It can sparsely represent multimodal sensor network data by utilizing high correlation among channels in the data. We exploit the idea of Color Lines, which is a model using high correlation among RGB channels in computer vision. It represents real color images as a collection of multiple...
A mesoscale modeling investigation of tropical cyclone/hurricane forecast over the Gulf of Mexico has been established under the NASA/HBCU Renewable Energy and Technology Project to adopt the numerical weather prediction model for possible use in regions where solar equipment will be used. Accurate and reliable forecasting is crucial in regions that have limited resources where renewable solar energy...
Due to their weather and illumination independence and due to their large area coverage at high spatial resolution, Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images have been recognized as a valuable data source for the mapping and tracking of aufeis flooding events. We modified and utilized the change detection approach of [1], based on wavelet analysis to map aufeis-related flooding on the Sagavanirktok River...
The Copernicus Programme, being Europe's Earth Observation and Environment Monitoring Programme led by the European Union, aims to provide, on a sustainable basis, reliable and timely services related to environmental and security issues. The Copernicus Programme uses multiple source data and comprises a service component, a space infrastructure component and an in-situ component. The objective of...
The utilization of a machine learning algorithm-based (i.e., support vector machine [SVM]) model as the observation operator within a one-dimensional ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) framework for the purpose of improving snow estimates across regional-scales is explored. The multifrequency, multipolarization framework employs an SVM to predict brightness temperature spectral difference (i.e., ΔTb) between...
This paper addresses the reconstruction of high-resolution Sea Surface Height (SSH) from the synergy between along-track altimeter data, OI-interpolated SSH fields and satellite-derived high-resolution Sea Surface Temperature (SST) fields. We aim at better resolving the fine-scale range, typically below 100km, which remains scarcely resolved by operational optimal interpolation schemes. The proposed...
Satellite-based estimates of whitecap fraction W provide consistent global, long-term data useful to quantify air-sea processes. Our first algorithm providing satellite-based W data uses passive microwave observations from WindSat at low spatial resolution, early version of the WindSat geophysical model function (GMF) for surface emissivity and the atmosphere, and input variables from various sources...
The Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer 2 (AMSR2) was developed and provided to Global Change Observation Mission satellite (GCOM-W) [1][2] led by Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA). AMSR2 observes the global water and energy cycling, such as water vapor, precipitation, sea surface temperature, soil moisture, etc. AMSR2 mounted on the GCOM-W satellite was launched by H-IIA Rocket in 2012...
The aim of the paper is to describe a ground-based microwave scatterometer demonstrator dedicated for the functional verification of MICAP (Microwave Imager Combined Active and Passive). MICAP has been selected to be one of the main payloads for future Chinese ocean salinity mission. The MICAP scatterometer is for estimating ocean surface roughness which measurement will enable the removal of the...
This paper presents a rain rate retrieval algorithm for tropical cyclones (TCs) using passive microwave Fengyun-3B (FY-3B) MWRI brightness temperature (TB). Channel 18.7 and 36.5GHz of FY-3B/MWRI are used to implement retrieval algorithm. Two databases are constructed: one is 15,153 matchups of MWRI TB and NSIDC global swath ocean products for rain rate retrieving and another databset of 5,093 matchups...
It has recently been found that the visibility denormalization process introduces a spatial error distribution due to small sporadic offset jumps in the PMS detectors. The radiometric impact of this error at system level is very low. However, due to the good performance of the SMOS instrument, a study has recently been conducted to evaluate the amplitude of such visibility errors and develop a mitigation...
Satellite-based whitecap fraction (W) data have been used to predict sea spray aerosol (SSA) emission rates. This allows to evaluate how an account for natural variability of whitecaps in the W parameterization would affect SSA mass flux predictions when using a sea spray source function (SSSF) based on the whitecap method. Data set containing W data for 2006 together with matching wind speed U10...
Anthropogenic impacts on ecosystems are prevalent and pose significant risks to vulnerable systems. In particular, wetland ecosystems are often found in urban centers with dense populations and rapid changes. Wetlands provide opportunities to study impacts of rapid urbanization and expansion, climate effects and pollution. The outcomes of human activities directly impact wetlands through coupled human-natural...
An accurate geophysical model is required to support calibration of a microwave imaging radiometer and retrieval of geophysical parameters. WindSat is a passive microwave imaging radiometer aboard the Coriolis satellite which was launched in January 2003. WindSat observations include dual-polarized antenna temperatures in two frequency bands (6.8 GHz and 23.8 GHz) and fully polarimetric antenna temperatures...
The Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) instrument which is onboard the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (S-NPP)/Joint Polar Satellite System (JPSS) satellites has transitioned much of the capability of the experimental MODerate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) instruments into the operational domain. VIIRS provides a continuation of global environment monitoring...
Accurate representation of currently actual land surface types at regional to global scales is critical for land surface parameterization in numerical weather, climate, hydrological and ecological models. Depending on the time scale, monitoring land surface type changes is also increasingly important for natural disaster assessment and natural resources management. To provide near real time surface...
SnowEx is a winter airborne and field campaign designed to measure snow-water equivalent in forested landscapes. A major focus of Year 1 (2016–17) of NASA's SnowEx campaign will be an extensive field program involving dozens of participants from U.S. government agencies and from many universities and institutions, both domestic and foreign. Along with other instruments, two infrared (IR) sensors will...
With the current and planned scientific missions related to ocean observation, there is a need to understand the relevant scattering physics and sensitivity so as to provide a physical basis for retrieving geophysical information from ocean-scattered signals. Sea spectrum is one of the factors to be determined in the retrieval. Since difference in sea spectrum manifests itself mostly at sea waves...
Historically, models of microwave signatures of the sea surface have assumed that all waves on the surface are freely propagating wind-generated waves that might be modulated by longer waves [Wright, 1968; Bass et al., 1968; Durden and Vesecky, 1985; Yueh, 1997; Irisov, 2000; Plant, 2002]. Furthermore, the signatures of active microwave systems (radars and scatterometers) have been modeled independently...
In the coastal ocean, rivers provide a major source of biogeochemical, ecological, hydrographic and dynamical variability. Freshwater input by rivers produces buoyant low salinity plumes impacting ocean currents and stratification, which in turn influence air-sea heat exchange and oceanic vertical mixing. Rivers are also sources of nutrients and organic material, which can be transported far from...
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