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Integration of multiple functions on an optical micro-chip is going to revolutionize the exploitation of optics for various applications such as communication, optical sensing, and biomedicine. One of the enabling functions is amplification at 1.5 μm [1]. Rare-earth-doped amplifiers typically deliver a net gain per unit length of only a few dB/cm [2]. In spiral-shaped channel waveguides a total internal...
Detection of chemical species using differential absorption lidar is a topic of growing interest for safety in petrochemical facilities, outdoor air quality measurements, greenhouse gases monitoring from space, and standoff detection of toxic chemical plumes. In such a lidar the optical source must combine a high energy (> 10 mJ for range-resolved detection), a wide and arbitrary wavelength tunability,...
Pulse burst generation has important applications in material processing [1], seeding of free electron lasers [2] and coherent pulse stacking [3]. In particular, coherent pulse stacking technique allows further scaling of fiber and solid-state amplifiers by splitting the seed pulse into multiple replicas and stacking them into a single dominant pulse after the amplification. For this task, a pulse...
Quantum-optical states, such as single-photons or quadrature-squeezed light, used for processing quantum-information easily reach optical bandwidths, however homodyne-detection — a major quantum-information tool, is sub-GHz limited. Using optical parametric-amplification we demonstrate effectively bandwidth unlimited optical-homodyne measurement.
Stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) is a phonon-photon interaction in which the energy of an optical pump transfers to a Stokes wave through an acoustic wave. Chalcogenide glass (As2S3) photonic integrated circuits (PIC) are among the most efficient platforms for SBS and have been extensively developed for several applications, including microwave photonic filters, lasers and optical memory. In...
Femtosecond pulses are primarily generated at 800 or 1030 nm in Tiisapphire or Yb based systems. To generate fully tunable pulses over the full visible and NIR range, optical parametric amplifiers and in particular white light seeded noncollinear optical parametric amplifiers (NOPA) are now widely used. For highest energy pulses this scheme is expanded to OPCPAs. Energy and beam pointing stability...
High brightness semiconductor laser sources with modulation capacity are emerging candidates for an increasing number of applications. We have recently presented an integrated three section Master Oscillator Power Amplifier (MOPA) [1] to be used in space-borne Random Modulated Continuous Wave (RM-CW) Integrated Path Differential Absorption (IPDA) lidar systems for atmospheric CO2 detection [2]. The...
Passively mode-locked fiber lasers are unsurpassed in terms of the beam quality, operation stability, compactness and simplicity of integration. Further power and energy scaling in Nd:YAG [1] and Yb:YAG [2] single crystal fiber (ScF) chirped pulse amplifier (CPA) benefit from the pump guiding and improved heat removal. Compared with Nd:YAG crystals, Yb:YAG has significantly lower fractional heating.
The Petawatt Field Synthesizer (PFS) is an OPCPA driven light source that is currently being developed at the Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik in Garching, Germany. The target parameters are few-cycle, waveform-controlled light pulses with a repetition rate of 10 Hz and a peak power in the Petawatt regime [1]. The system relies on a cascaded broadband OPCPA that is pumped by a picosecond, all-diode-pumped...
Several fields of research would benefit from the development of new high energy, high average power laser systems. One example is laser driven x-ray generation that is typically based on joule class lasers with a repetition rate of a few hertz. However, to facilitate shorter measuring times, lasers with repetition rates on the order of kHz and a pulse energy of hundreds of mJ are required [1]. Such...
The sensitive detection of terahertz (THz)-wave radiation from compact sources at room temperature is crucial for real-world THz-wave applications, such as non-destructive inspection and homeland security. As an extremely compact THz-wave source, the resonant-tunneling-diode (RTD) oscillator is a particular important electronic device operating in the THz-wave frequency region. The oscillation frequency...
Extreme events and rogue waves (RW) are commonly know as events with very high amplitude whose frequent occurrence is not explainable through the statistics assumed for the set of data under study. Born in oceanography, the concept of extreme events has been extended to many different optical systems in recent years, such as optical fibers [1], laser systems and linear optical systems [2, 3].
Nanoplasmonic components are of interest for their potential of achieving enhanced light-matter interaction through confinement of electromagnetic fields below the diffraction limit. In this field, plasmonic electro-optical modulators are novel devices enabling nanoscale footprint and ultrafast low-energy performance. Several implementations of these devices have been published so far, including hybrid...
In the low-frequency THz range optical rectification (OR) in LiNbOs (LN) has been providing the highest THz pulse energies, but limitations became apparent [I]. The potential of semiconductor nonlinear optical materials for high-energy high-field THz pulse generation by OR has been recently demonstrated [2-4]. Whereas pumping OR in ZnTe at 0.8 μm, near its collinear phase-matching wavelength, resulted...
The efficiency and engineering capabilities afforded by parametric processes in second-order [χ(2)] nonlinear media have tremendously benefitted from periodic poling technologies in ferroelectric materials such as LiNbO3, nowadays routinely exploited in optical parametric generators, amplifiers and oscillators, as well as high brightness sources of entangled photons [1, 2]. Nonlinear photonic crystals...
For over a decade development of high-energy diode pumped solid state lasers (DPSSLs) has focused on scaling energy and increasing pulse repetition rate to unlock their potential for practical applications. These include new sources for industrial materials processing applications and as pump sources for higher repetition rate PW-class amplifiers, which can themselves generate high-brightness secondary...
Tunable near-infrared femtosecond laser sources are attractive for optical nonlinear techniques such as time resolved optical spectroscopy and multi-photon fluorescence microscopy [1]. Furthermore high repetition rate is desirable to reduce acquisition time of the measurements. Compact and aligning-free system is preferable for practical issues [2]. Development of high average power passively mode-locked...
High-power and few-cycle mid-IR laser sources are of great interest for their application in strong-field physics and attosecond science [1, 2]. We present an ultra-broadband optical parametric chirped-pulse amplification system (OPCPA) achieving 9.1 W of average power at a repetition-rate of 100 kHz, with an optical bandwidth centred at 2.2 μm and spanning 1000 nm. To the best of our knowledge, this...
Optical parametric oscillators offer significant advantages over solid-state laser systems in terms of their wavelength versatility as well as in their tuning bandwidth and speed. However, these systems are complex to use and their output power is often limited to a few hundred mW, especially when using a Ti: sapphire laser as a pump source. Recently, a high power, ultrabroadband non-collinear optical...
Silicon waveguides are widely used as optical interconnects and they are particularly important for Si-photonics. Si-based devices, along with other optical elements, are entirely fabricated on the top surface of Si wafers. However, further integration of photonic and electronic devices in the same chip requires a new approach. One alternative is to utilize the bulk of the wafer for fabricating photonic...
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