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With the relentless increase in population density, the anthropogenic expansion into natural terrestrial hazard zones has become irreversible resulting in ever more catastrophic disasters especially within the entire tropical belts engulfing Mother Earth. What is required is around-the-clock local and wide-area surveillance and remote sensing of the vegetative cover for which hitherto well designed...
Gross primary productivity is an excellent metric of how much forests act as carbon dioxide sinks but currently have up to 40% uncertainty in their global estimates. A large proportion of the uncertainty has been attributed to artifacts in the sun-sensor geometry of monolithic spacecrafts leading to insufficient sampling of the bi-directional reflectance of vegetation. This paper proposes to use small...
Contrary to the previous ESA SAR missions ERS and Envisat, where acquisition planning was mainly based on user requests and user priority (on top of a background mission), the Sentinel missions will be operated based on a predefined planning. The definition of the initial Sentinel-1 predefined observation scenarios needs to be in line with the overall Sentinels operations strategy, with the aim of...
In-orbit commissioning of the first geostationary laser communication terminal (TESAT LCT) of the EDRS 1,800 Mbps class has commenced. The laser relay experiments phase is being contracted for three years by the German Space Agency (DLR) and is planned to see test campaigns with an optical ground station of ESA at Tenerife, a transportable ground station with adaptive optics (TESAT T-AOGS) and two...
Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) is going to launch new Earth observation satellite GCOM-C1 in 2016. The core sensor of GCOM-C1, Second Generation Global Imager (SGLI) has a set of along track slant viewing Visible and Near Infrared Radiometer (VNR). These multi-angular views aim to detect the structural information from vegetation canopy, especially forest canopy, for estimating productivity...
ADEOS II was launched on Dec., 2002. However, after about 10 months operation, it has lost most of its power due to the solar paddle failure. As a follow on of ADEOS II mission, JAXA is now planning GCOM mission which is composed of a series of satellites. They are now called GCOM-W and GCOM-C satellites. Both satellites are composed of 3 satellites with 5 year lifetime. Hence, 13 years of continuous...
The Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer 2 (AMSR2) on board the Global Change Observation Mission — Water (GCOM-W or “SHIZUKU”) was launched on May 18, 2012 (JST), and continuous its observation from the ATrain orbit more than one year successfully. Validation results of AMSR2 standard products satisfied required release accuracy, and JAXA has released AMSR2 geophysical parameters to public though...
Geospatial database items originate from the analysis of images and from the manipulation of geographic data. The corresponding datasets are described via diverse structures of metadata. GeoBase L9 is a project whose aim is to build a geospatial database to support geomatics research in agricultural and natural resource management. The first objective, to support basic browsing access to datasets,...
The objective of the project reported in this paper was to study land use change over a period of 23 years using Landsat satellite images using a methodology based on territorial transformation. An analysis of land use change was realized from 1997 to 2000 in the municipality of Texcoco in Central Mexico. The analysis unit was determined by landscape, since modifications that have taken place over...
This work aims to development of a simple method for distinction between open water and ice cover on the base of geophysical data record (GDR) of altimetry satellite Jason-2 for large and middle-sized freshwater inland water bodies. The method is applied for six reservoirs at the Volga and Don Rivers. It was shown earlier [1, 2] that the retracking of the Jason-1, 2 satellite data allow us to determine...
This study presents three complementary approaches to determine the volume of water in small lakes (<100ha) by combining satellite altimetry data and high-resolution (HR) images. The first two are empirical and use synchronous ground measurements of the water volume and the satellite data. The results demonstrate that altimetry and imagery can be effectively and accurately used to monitor the temporal...
Land surface emissivity is a critical factor controlling the energy budget on earth surface. However, this important parameter is poorly represented utilizing the “constant-ε” assumption in the state-of-the-art land surface models as well as climate models due to lack of observations. Satellite sensors such as the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer(AVHRR) and Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectrometer(MODIS)...
The availability of Cryosat-2 with its coverage throughout the Arctic Ocean up to 88N is a quantum leap forward for altimetric gravity field modeling and here we have tried to quantify the improvement of Cryosat-2 to global and particularly Arctic altimetric gravity field modeling through a comparison with highly accurate marine gravity observations.
Daytime flaring detection using Landsat-8 multispectral data was inspired by the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) nightfire detection work. A fast and semi-automated endmember extraction algorithm was employed to detect gas flares in several locations of Alberta. Most of the detected flaring locations matched with the flaring reports, Bing Maps Aerial, and Google Maps images. To our...
This study focuses on the distribution of icebergs within the waters around Greenland. Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) satellite imagery was used for iceberg (target) detection to generate a statistical picture of the spatial distribution of icebergs — aiming to cover the entire Greenland Waters. A target detection algorithm based on Constant False Alarm Rate (CFAR) techniques was developed and applied...
This study investigates the use of AISA optical airborne hyperspectral (2 m spatial resolution) and simulated satellite EnMAP (30 m) to produce detailed lithologic maps in a subarctic region (Nunavik, Canada) where ultramafic rock units associated with Ni-Cu-(PGE) mineralization are exposed in the presence of lichen coatings. Spectral mixture analysis methods were used to first derive image endmembers...
Spaceborne D-InSAR system is a kind of SAR satellite system aiming at differential interferometry application. It provides us a capability of measuring subtle deformation on the ground with phase difference. In this work, we focused on the system performance analysis theory as a first step to launch the research work on the overall spaceborne D-InSAR system. After the theoretical model and major error...
This paper presents a use case of the Persistent Scatterer Interferometry (PSI) technique apply to Civil Engineering to monitor the dikes settlement on the Port of Barcelona. A geostatistical analysis of the two available datasets of PSI data have been made on a Geographic Information System to obtain a continuous deformation surface. This approach allows us to study the different subsidence velocities...
Persistent Scatterer InSAR (PS-InSAR) technique provides ground deformation monitoring in an accuracy of millimeter, due to its capability of overcoming the atmospheric disturbance, geometrical and temporal decorrelation. The Phased Array L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar (PALSAR) of ALOS (Advanced Land Observation Satellite) provides better capability to penetrate vegetation, which is especially useful...
How to accurately detect cloud and snow in the remote sensing imagery is an open problem for the remote sensing application. For only visible and near infrared band in HJ-1A/B CCD images, the cloud detection algorithm using the shortwave infrared and thermal infrared band is restricted by the band-lacking problem. Based on the multi-temporal information of the HJ-1A/B CCD images, a new algorithm is...
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