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Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) demonstrate great promise in a variety of applications such as structural polymers, super capacitors, batteries, sensors, and shielding. This is due to their unique electrical, mechanical, and thermal properties. Despite the desirable qualities commercially and in industry, little information exists on the environmental, health, and safety (EHS) effects of CNTs. Given the EHS...
This article discusses how end-of-life management (EoL) networks evolve and adapt by looking at different characteristics of the network components. We provide a literature review and present a theoretical analysis of EoL networks. Then, using the example of cell phone EoL management, we illustrate potential EoL network dynamics.
High speed development of economy and huge population has made China become one of the biggest electronic consuming markets as well as the greatest e-waste generator gradually. About 20 million electronic household appliances and 70 million cell phones come to their end-of-life every year since 2001. However, China has not set up an integrated and effective reverse logistics system to collect, transport...
The undergraduate program in the Materials Science and Engineering department at the University of Florida requires its junior students to take the course ldquoAnalysis of the Structure of Materialsrdquo. This course provides students the opportunity to disassemble an engineered product, characterize and analyze the structure of its components, and correlate the structures with properties and processing...
There is increasing market and regulatory pressure on responsible management of end-of-life electronics. In Europe, the EuP Directive (DIRECTIVE 2005/32/EC) requires manufacturers to perform assessment of the environmental impacts of their products throughout their lifecycle and the EU WEEE directive encourages manufacturers to design products which facilitate easy dismantling and recovery, in particular...
This paper uses economic value metrics to evaluate the retention of value of secondary materials and provides a framework for characterizing value throughout a material and product life-cycle. These economic value metrics are compared with analogous life cycle assessment metrics in order to determine the conditions under which economic value effectively represents environmental impact for EoL material...
Environmental policy making, green product rating, and marketing activities seem likely to drive the utilization of eco-assessments in the near future. In this paper we show from the example of EuP Preparatory Studies and other policy supporting studies some characteristics of ICT eco-assessments on different economical levels. We argue that the high diversity of individual cases coupled with technology...
Materials selection decisions exhibit great influence on the environmental performance of firms through their impact on processing technology, product form, and supply chain configuration. Consequently, materials dictate a product's environmental profile via the burden associated with extraction and refining, transformation from material to product, product performance characteristics during use,...
Existing Life Cycle Assessment does not take into account the relative temporal differences in inventory data. The lack of such considerations could lead to an inaccurate analysis of impacts and to incorrect conclusions in the comparative studies of products with comparable inventories but different life cycle times. In this paper, we report on our research of the investigation of the embedded temporal...
Renewable energy systems such as wind, solar and biomass are significantly more land intensive than traditional fossil fuels. Moreover, their environmental implications are highly geographically heterogeneous. Consequently, they present a significant challenge to existing life cycle assessment techniques. Four specific issues are identified in this paper: determining changes in land use due to increased...
A dasiagreen scorecardpsila to identify research projects in the digital printing industry is described. The scorecard is intended to be cognizant of life cycle issues without being onerous to use, allows comparison of green dasiagoodnesspsila among scenarios, provides guidelines for use, and reduces subjectivity by requiring quantified input data. The green scorecard is neither a design tool, nor...
This analysis compares e-commerce versus traditional retail systems energy use and greenhouse gas emissions through a case study of a product chosen to represent the retail process. We conclude that e-commerce has lower energy use and GHG emissions for our case study.
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