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Shape design optimization for an untethered microdevice meant to navigate in the human bloodstream is studied based on previous variational finite element (FE) work done. The suggested shape for a first generation prototype is a prolate spheroid design, which enables to minimize the drag force and to maximize the use of the MRI's magnetic gradients
[Gd(TTDA-BOM)]2- is a newly developed paramagnetic contrast agent. The ligand, TTDA-BOM, bears a benzyloxymethyl group so that the lipophilicity is increased. The water exchange rate for [Gd(TTDA-BOM)]2- is significantly higher than that of [Gd(DTPA)]2- and [Gd(BOPTA)]2-. In addition, the bound relaxivity of this Gd (III) complex has a remarkably high value with HSA. Therefore, it has potential to...
Potential field algorithms often used in path finding applications on a 2D plane are expanded onto a 3D map trajectories for navigation planning of a microdevice designed to be propelled through the cardiovascular system using magnetic gradients generated by a clinical MRI system. This system assembles a 3D reconstruction of a cardiovascular system through magnetic resonance angiography images. The...
The diagnosis of cardiovascular disease requires precise assessment of both morphology and function of the heart. Currently, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides a useful tool for accurate and reproducible assessment of regional function of the left ventricle noninvasively. MR tagging produces images of the heart that can be analyzed using harmonic phase (HARP) method to describe the regional...
This paper presents potential medical applications that an untethered microdevice in the cardiovascular system could perform within an MRI system. Recent developments and continuing evolution in micro/nano fabrication and design techniques will enable the development of functional microdevices able to explore the cardiovascular system. The magnetic resonance submarine (MR-Sub) project is a first step...
This paper presents the identification and the study of the impact of a real-time MRI-based propulsion and tracking system constraints on the step response using a discrete PID controller. A simplified model for such a system accounts for these constraints such as the time delay, the sampling period, and the blood velocity. This application is intended for minimally invasive operations within the...
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