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We describe multiresolution Bayesian tests for spike detection in multielectrode recordings. We derive results for single channel and multi electrode data, and show that the use of the array model substantially improves the detection performance. The effect of signal and noise spatial correlation characteristics is also discussed. Our approach focuses on blind signal detection without any assumptions...
This paper discusses new methods to control the heating pattern of the prototype resonant cavity applicator for deep tumor hyperthermia treatment. We have already confirmed the effectiveness of the developed heating system with experiments using agar phantoms and computer simulations. Here, the following two methods to control the heating pattern were proposed. In the first method, a human body, which...
A pocket blood sugar apparatus tested by enzyme electrode, which was designed using carbon and silver plasma as conducting materials. Both the work and reference electrodes are applied to the parts of enzyme electrode. The glucose oxidase is taken as the medium of blood sugar measuring. And the range of measuring glucose is about 50mg/dL - 500mgl/dL. It has better linear for the results and fit coefficient...
A novel disposable lactate biosensor was reported, which can measure the lactate in whole blood and other bio-fluids rapidly, accurately, expediently and directly. The biosensor was based on two kinds of electron mediator, the ferricyanide and the modified carbon nanotubes (CNT). Lactate oxidase (LOD) was coated on the electrodes. The sensor was fabricated by screen-printed techniques, the sample...
The carbon nanotube modified biosensors for respectively monitoring uric acid (UA) and total cholesterol in blood were studied. The transducers were based on two screen-printed carbon electrodes, a carbon working electrode and a reference electrode. For UA sensors, uricase was immobilized on the surface of electrodes together with potassium ferrocyanide as electron transfer mediator. For cholesterol...
This article presents an analysis of the information rate of neural spike trains in an auditory nerve fiber (ANF) model stimulated extracellularly by sinusoidal electric stimuli under the case where a high-rate pulsatile waveform is presented as a conditioner for increasing the across-fiber-independency, i.e., desynchronization. In the computer simulation, stimulus current waveforms were presented...
We developed a new electroporation system, including a microchip and a logic circuit, and combining with the function of electrophoresis, which can site-specific enhancement of the gene concentration. We have demonstrated that the electroporation microchip could enhance and target in vitro gene transfection for cell lines. In this micro-device, the outer electrodes could provide the electrophoresis...
A neural sensor with novel structure and capable of double side recordings has been designed and fabricated using surface micromachining technique. Dry-etch benzocyclobutene (BCB) was selected as the substrate and packaging material for its excellent electrical, mechanical and thermal properties. Positive photoresist (AZ4620) was used as the sacrificial layer during the formation of backside recording...
Wavelet entropy (WE), a new method of complexity measure for non-stationary signals, was used to investigate the dynamic features of rat EEGs under three vigilance states. The EEGs of the freely moving rats were recorded with implanted electrodes and were decomposed into four components of delta, theta, alpha and beta by using multi-resolution wavelet transform. Then, the wavelet entropy curves were...
Invasive intracranial electroencephalography (EEG) studies help identify the epileptogenic focus and assess if the identified zone overlies eloquent cortex by means of cortical stimulation. Proper interpretation and use of the intracranial recording/stimulation studies requires an effective display of multimodal information. We developed a software system which can combine the patient's segmented...
An effective and simple algorithm for localization of abnormal sources of the EEG signals within the brain has been developed here. In this method the signals are separated first, then the estimated independent components are lowpass filtered and normalized. In the next stage the correlation values between the estimated sources and the electrode signals are measured. On the other hand the sources...
This paper describes a low-profile three-dimensional silicon/parylene microelectrode array as basis for practical neural prostheses for use in the central nervous system. The circuit areas of the silicon probes, containing mixed-signal CMOS circuitry for neural stimulation/recording, can be folded over to reduce the overall height of the microassembled array above the cortical surface. The low-profile...
Symptoms of Parkinson's disease can be relieved by deep brain stimulation (DBS), which is based on an accurate positioning of electrodes in specific structures of the basal ganglia, e.g. the subthalamic nucleus (STN) and the internal globus pallidus (GPi), and of the thalamus. We planned to develop an automatized method for the identification of these structures, deeply located in the brain, through...
The precision of current source estimation of electroencephalography by referring the shape of the brain acquired as MRI was considered. The location of the candidate current dipoles was limited to on the surface of the cortex, and the orientation was constrained to the vertical to the surface. Electric stimulation of median nerve was executed to confirm whether it works appropriately by checking...
The electrode system is one of the most sensitive and crucial parts in EIT system. In this paper, a method for EIT electrode structure and parameter optimizing design, took example for compound electrode, has been presented, which is based on the coercive equipotential node model of line electrode. A simulation research software platform for electrode structure and parameter optimizing design has...
Hybrid cochlear implants would integrate electric and acoustic auditory stimulation into a single unit to rehabilitate patients with sensori-neural hearing loss. Conceptually, hybrid cochlear implants consist of an electrode array, as in traditional cochlear implants, and an acoustic microactuator to generate pressure waves inside the cochlea. To enable hybrid cochlear implants, one must develop acoustic...
Spike sorting is the mandatory first step in analyzing multi-unit recording signals for studying information processing mechanisms within the nervous system. Extracellular recordings usually contain overlapped spikes produced by a number of neurons adjacent to the electrode, together with background noise having unknown properties. In the present study, a robust method to deal with these problems...
A brain-computer interface (BCI) system such as a cortically controlled robotic arm must have a capacity of adjusting its function to a specific environmental condition. We studied this capacity in non-human primates based on chronic multi-electrode recording from the primary motor cortex of a monkey during the animal's performance of a center-out 3D reaching task and adaptation to external force...
Spontaneous firing play an important role in development of neuronal network. Activity-dependent modification of synaptic efficacy is widely recognized as a cellular basis of learning, memory, and development plasticity. Little is known of the activity-dependent modification of the synchronized spontaneous firing of the hippocampal networks. Long-term recording of spontaneous activity in cultured...
Calculation of intra-ventricular blood volume using the impedance electrode technique suffers from inaccuracy arising from irregularity in ventricular geometry and non-uniformity in imposed electric fields. This is particularly evident in the right ventricle. To investigate this problem, we present analytical and numerical solutions for the electric field in a conductor with asymmetrical source electrodes...
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