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The possibility to count the accesses to a site and monitor the internal movements of people can be useful in many different scenarios. In this respect, a WiFi network can be exploited to count accesses and estimate users position. This study extends this principle to a wide spatial area and to a large number of users, introducing synergies between Big Data and localization techniques. The 2016 Open...
There has been increasing demand for precise positioning from Global Positioning System (GPS) satellites, particularly in fading environments that are challenging for the autonomous and semi-autonomous vehicle. GPS signals are right hand circularly polarized (RHCP) however, in dense multipath environments the polarization of a GPS signal may change to become left hand circularly polarized (LHCP)....
Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) based navigation is already adopted in Low Earth Orbit (LEO), where the presence of strong GNSS signals and the good relative geometry between the receiver and the transmitters enable precise orbit determination. However, when the receiver is orbiting above the GNSS constellation's altitude, designing an on-board, real-time, autonomous GNSS navigation device...
Pose-graph optimization is becoming popular as a tool for solving position and attitude determination problems, especially in the context of Visual Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (V-SLAM). Recently proprioceptive information sources are appearing in this context, such as inertial measurement units and kinematic/dynamic models. These models require other quantities to be estimated along with...
Navigation Message Authentication (NMA) is a necessary security provision in GNSS open service, considering that more and more infrastructures rely on civilian GNSS signals, and several cryptographic mechanisms have been proposed to implement it. Most solutions adapt existing protocols to the specific requirement and constraints of the GNSS scenario, which is inherently one-way and asymmetric, and...
One of the most important and promising application of the IoT technologies is in the interaction of “mobile” entities, like cars and trucks, with “static” infrastructures in which they are immersed and from which they depend, like motorways, parking sites, city facilities. This type of application is generally named “vehicle-to-infrastructure” communication. This paper describes the research outcomes...
The migratory flow across the Mediterranean sea has lost its “emergency” nature and has become more than ever an everyday reality. There is an evident need to strengthen the control at the European external borders and in particular in the Mediterranean sea, where the surveillance system must also support Search and Rescue (SaR) operations.
An interference monitoring station is presented which detects, characterises and logs interference events. The system operates autonomously and continuously over multiple global navigation satellite system (GNSS) bands. With a bandwidth of up to 80 MHz, input resolution of 8 bit an overall data rate of approximately 1.3 Gbit/s can be supported. The interference detection is carried out in real-time,...
This paper describes an ionospheric model correction for single-frequency GNSS receiver operated in low earth orbit. Various models have been proposed for removing ionospheric time delay, all of which were developed for GNSS receivers operating on the ground. For this reason, if the ionospheric model is applied to spaceborne GNSS receiver, the ionospheric model should be calibrated considering the...
Accurate and safe train position determination is of great importance for railway systems. Additionally, it has become one of the biggest challenges for the Safety-of-Life (SoL) services in railway transport systems using GNSS techniques. The critical performance requirements of these services promote the users to develop safe Train Positioning Systems (TPSs), in which integrity has to be highly concerned...
Considered as the free accessible and suitable solution for positioning in urban areas, Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) have been widely used these recent years in a wide spectrum of applications. However, signal blockage, non-line-of-sight (NLOS) multipath interferences and signal degradation affect the system performance and represent the major hurdles of GNSS in it course of adoption...
Integrating satellite based navigation into the railway standard can enable reliable and cost-efficient railway navigation everywhere. This makes is very attractive for railway. Thus its integration is strongly supported within the European railway evolution program. However, railway environments exhibit many challenges. Local threats are major issues for robust GNSS based railway navigation. They...
Satellite navigation is very widespread in civil society; many devices and services exploit this technology and several systems are in use or in development phase. GNSS receiver, embedded in devices used in daily life (smartphones, cars and so on), works in several conditions and operational scenarios. Ensuring good positioning accuracy is challenging, especially in environment where receiver measurements...
Accurate 3D city map becomes available and commercialized for various applications. 3D map information could improve the performance of GNSS positioning in the city urban environment by recognizing the Non-Line-Of-Sight and multipath signal. In ENC 2015, we have presented the idea of the position hypothesis based GNSS positioning method using 3D maps, called 3D-GNSS. After that, we further improved...
There are numerous uses of Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS): navigation, of course, but also various optimizations, such as routing or handover protocols in telecommunication networks. Moreover, energy saving approaches may also be based on the use of the locations of the various entities involved. Most of the time, the positioning is considered to be “perfect”: no uncertainty on the values,...
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