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Aluminum doped Zinc Oxide (AZO) is finding applications in various aspects of sensing, and in displays and solar cells. The paper describes the features of a vertical in-line rotary magnetron based sputtering system that has been developed for deposition of AZO coatings on large area glass substrates.
This paper presents an image enhancement method for the effective visualization of High Dynamic Range (HDR) Infrared (IR) images on Low Dynamic Range (LDR) display. Recent IR sensors are capable of producing raw images with pixel intensity values represented by 15 bits, whereas the sensitivity of most of the display devices is limited to 8 or 10 bits, which stems from the fact that human eye can sense...
High accuracy micro sun sensors (angular resolution better than 0.1°) for space applications are designed and developed using n+/p junction twin triangular silicon photo detectors (planar process) anodically bonded with micro-optics (Corning 7740) having an etch cavity depth of around 100 µm on one side and a 300 µm wide slit patterned on high optical density black chrome on the other side. This sensor...
Comparators, as the name suggests, compare an analog signal with a reference signal, and outputs the signal in form of a binary signal. Dynamic comparators are widely employed, for their high speed. A comparator plays crucial role in the conversion of the analog signals to digital. This paper puts forth the design of the conventional three-stage comparator in 90-nm CMOS technology. The paper also...
Hand tremor is an involuntary muscle movement, trembling, or shaking of the hands. Tremor most accurately refers to a small, rhythmic shaking movement that occurs in oscillatory pattern. Frequency amplitude analysis of the hand tremor can be an indicator of the subject being prone to Parkinson's disease. Parkinsonian tremors typically have a frequency of 4–6Hz when the hand is at rest. In this regard,...
Bistable micromechanisms form the basis of a large class of latchable MEMS devices. In such systems, external power is required only to switch the system from one stable state to another stable state. This paper presents the study of a bistable micromechanism that is proposed to be used in the development of double throw RF switches. A lumped element equivalent of the compliant bistable micromechanism...
Information of moisture content in wood is an important factor for development of wooden products in industries. Contemporary solutions are inadequate to monitor the wood moisture content remotely. This paper presents an Internet of Things based novel approach to measure and monitor moisture content of wood (IoTEMC). Plotly and Xively enabled cloud services are incorporated so as to register the raw...
Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensors have become one of the most widely used sensors in the recent times for a variety of applications in the fields of aerospace, civil, automotive, etc. It has been recently realized that FBG based accelerometer's performance meets and/or exceeds that of traditional sensors. The present work is about the development of a novel, real-time, dynamic two dimensional Accelerometer...
Over the past few years, connections between the end devices or stations have been increasingly wireless. In 1997, 802.11 subcommittee had first approved its Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) standard. Since then, many wireless networking standards have taken extra efforts in developing mesh architectures in which data is forwarded between multiple wireless hops to reach the desired destination....
The RF MEMS switches with low noise and high performance are the most prevalent and have shown superior Figures of Merit compared to their semiconductor counterparts, for communication applications. The only setback to these devices is their high actuation voltage which is not compatible with standard IC technology. The actuation voltage can be reduced by using low spring constant designs. This paper...
The work documented in this paper gives a working knowledge of mapping the spectral lines in the emission spectra of physical objects to their corresponding wavelengths. In simpler terms RGB triplets in the spectrogram image are mapped to their corresponding wavelengths on the visible spectrum. Peaks of CIE RGB color matching functions are directly mapped one on one to peaks of the R, G and B intensity...
This paper explores the feasibility of a musical instrument incorporating digital signal processing coupled with SONAR to produce musical notes by emulating conventional instruments using cost effective hardware.
Servo-controlled elevator is one of the primary flight control actuators which controls pitch of the aircraft. To prove out its design, a qualification test equipment or endurance test rig is needed. Using endurance test rig, aerodynamic load is simulated by a double-acting servo-controlled linear hydraulic cylinder to the elevator actuator. The design of the endurance test rig primarily depends on...
This paper proposes a Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) using two different methods. QPSK is one of the forms of Phase Shift Keying (PSK) modulation scheme. Generally a conventional QPSK modulator with Direct Digital Synthesizer (DDS) and arithmetic multiplier separates base band signal into I and Q phase which consumes low throughput with complexity in hardware implementation. Hence to generate...
In This paper, a new method for handling the missing data in the Partial Least Squares (PLS) regression method is proposed. The idea to handle missing data is by filling the empty field internally by the regression among predictors. First the PLS regression model is built on the data with no missing values which will have a predictor set and a response set. Then we consider the data with missing values...
With emerging technology of 4G wireless communication networks, it requires precise understanding of spatial and temporal characteristics of channel model. Hence this paper presents an elliptical geometry based channel modeling technique for double bounce scatter incorporating rain fading effect for suburban dense arborous area. The joint TOA (time of arrival) and AOA (angle of arrival) PDF's (probability...
This paper presents a detailed study of offset drift of a capacitive inertial sensor with temperature. The goal is to analyze the contribution to the overall drift component by the sensor and the signal conditioning circuit. The relevance of the study lies in the fact that the offset drift with temperature affects the overall accuracy of the sensor. The device selected for the case study is a bulk...
This paper presents designing of an op-amp of 10 bit SAR (Successive Approximation Register) ADC with Split DAC structure for medium resolution. Op-amp as an Comparator circuit is designed and simulated using gpdk (generic process design kit) 180 nm process technology in Cadence Virtuoso tool and simulation results for 30MHZ are power dissipation = 282.262µWatt, Gain at 1.6V = 43.54dB, Unity Gain...
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