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This paper formulates a power system related optimal control problem, motivated by potential cyber-attacks on grid control systems, and ensuing defensive response to such attacks. The problem is formulated as a standard nonlinear program in the GAMS optimization environment, with system dynamics discretized over a short time horizon providing constraint equations, which are then treated via waveform...
In response to the computational challenges produced by the integrated dispatch of generation and load (IDGL), this paper proposes a novel and efficient decomposition method. The IDGL is formulated using the mixed-integer quadratic constrained programming (MIQCP) method. To efficiently solve this complex optimization problem, the nodal equivalent load shifting bidding curve (NELSBC) is proposed to...
The increasing penetration of variable and uncertain generation from renewable resources poses a challenge for balancing the power system supply and demand. Violations of this constraint seriously impact system reliability and thus carry with them a very high cost. In order to address the issues created by variable generation increased system flexibility is required. System operators are considering...
In this work an algorithm to control the power flow of an electric power system with two integrated energy storage systems is investigated. The power system under consideration consists of a conventional distribution feeder that supplies the power to satisfy the customers' demand, a set of photovoltaic (PV) panels that also contribute to the power generation, one unit of Lithium-Ion battery storage...
With more wind power integrated into grid, wind-gas coordinating power generation attracts extensive attention, and it's no longer appropriate to validate automatic generation control (AGC) algorithm for large scale wind-gas generation with a single tool. First, this paper proposes an AGC simulation architecture that combines Real Time Digital Simulator (RTDS) and other off-the-shelf devices to implement...
Substantial changes in the generation portfolio take place due to the fast growth of renewable energy generation, of which the major types such as wind and solar power have significant forecast uncertainty. Reducing the impacts of uncertainty requires the cooperation of system participants, which are supported by proper market rules and incentives. In this paper, we propose a bilateral reserve market...
An algorithm for the detection and frequency estimation of periodic forced oscillations in power systems is proposed. The method operates by comparing the periodogram of synchrophasor measurements to a detection threshold. This threshold is established by deriving a general expression for the distribution of the periodogram and is related to the algorithm's probabilities of false alarm and detection...
Utility scale battery storage will soon reach a level of maturity where the modular design of the technology and aggregation will allow custom-built solutions for energy and ancillary service needs of the power system. Several projects are in the demonstration phase worldwide and hold promise for successful incorporation of battery storage into traditional power systems operations. In contrast to...
There is increasing evidence of shortage of ramping resources in the real-time operation of power systems. To explain and remedy this problem systematically, in this paper we take a novel look at the way the day-ahead unit commitment (UC) problem represents the information about load, generation and ramping constraints. We specifically investigate the approximation error made in mapping of the original...
Classical unit commitment (UC) algorithms may be extremely time-consuming when applied to large systems and for long term simulations (for instance, a year) and may not consider all the features required for flexibility assessment, including analysis of different reserve types. In this light, this paper presents a novel flexibility-oriented unified formulation of a large-scale scheduling model considering...
Phasor Measurement Units (PMU) are playing an increasingly important role in wide-area monitoring and control of power systems. PMUs allow synchronous real-time measurements of voltage, phase angle and frequency from multiple remote locations in the grid, enabled by their ability to align to Global Position System (GPS) clocks. Given that this ability is vulnerable to GPS spoofing attacks, which have...
A key feature of smart grids is the use of demand side resources to provide flexibility to the energy system and thus increase its efficiency. Multienergy systems where different energy vectors such as gas, electricity, and heat are optimized simultaneously prove to be a valuable source of demand side flexibility. However, planning of such systems may be extremely challenging, particularly in the...
Assessing security margin of operation is vital in situation awareness for power systems with centralized wind farm integration. Total transfer capability (TTC) can be used as an indicator referring to the maximal loadability of transmission corridors. However, the calculation of TTC considering wind generation is a computation-intensive procedure. In order to assess TTC, an estimation approach based...
With a growing emphasis on energy efficiency and system flexibility, a great effort has been made recently in developing distributed energy resources (DER), including distributed generators and energy storage systems. This paper first formulates an optimal DER coordination problem considering constraints at both system and device levels, including power balance constraint, generator output limits,...
The fast growing expansion of renewable energy increases the complexities in balancing generation and demand in the power system. The energy-shifting and fast-ramping capability of energy storage has led to increasing interests in batteries to facilitate the integration of renewable resources. In this paper, we present a two-step framework to evaluate the potential value of energy storage in power...
This paper presents an approach for integrated generation and transmission maintenance scheduling model (IMS) that takes into consideration N-1 contingencies. The objective is to maximize the maintenance preference of facility owners while satisfying N-1 security and other constraints. To achieve this goal, Benders decomposition is employed to decompose the problem into a master problem and several...
Sensitivity of start element impacts the performance of transmission line protection. Normally, start element is affected by data window length. A start element of transmission line relay protection based on current variation sample data of three phases at the same time is proposed in this paper. It includes two criterions. The start element performance is not impacted by data window and frequency...
This paper investigates the scheduling horizon of power system containing wind and concentrating solar power (CSP) plants with thermal energy storage (TES). CSP plant with TES can be used to reduce the uncertainty of renewable generation and provide services to power system. However, forecast error of wind/solar is strongly related to the forecast horizon. When CSP plant with TES is incorporated into...
The integration of distributed generation (DG) sources can cause significant impacts on distribution networks, particularly the changes in magnitudes and directions of short circuit currents that may lead to false tripping or fail to trip over-current protection relays in the system. It is expensive and technically challenging to redesign/reconfigure and/or to replace the original protection system...
This paper presents a novel functional observer based quasi-decentralized load frequency control scheme for power systems. Based on functional observers theory, quasi-decentralized functional observers are designed to implement any given state feedback controller. The designed functional observers are decoupled from each other and have a simpler structure in comparison to the state observer based...
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