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Because of its minimal invasiveness, coil embolization has become a popular way to treat aneurysms. The main problem with this method, however, is the poor understanding of the hemodynamics in the aneurysm after coil embolization. To improve this situation, we used a finite element method and computational fluid dynamics to investigate how hemodynamic parameters depend on the spatial distribution...
The accumulation of fluid in the legs due to sedentariness can be a health risk in extreme cases. Negative health impacts associated with leg fluid accumulation include leg edema and risk of blood clots. Furthermore, fluid accumulating in the legs is accompanied by fluid shift into the upper body which is also associated with health risks such as: increased blood pressure when lying down, respiratory...
Information in Electronic Medical Records (EMRs) can be used to generate accurate predictions for the occurrence of a variety of health states, which can contribute to more pro-active interventions. The very nature of EMRs does make the application of off-the-shelf machine learning techniques difficult. In this paper, we study two approaches to making predictions that have hardly been compared in...
We proposed a blood viscosity estimation method based on pressure-flow characteristics of oxygenators used during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in a previous study that showed the estimated viscosity to correlate well with the measured viscosity. However, the determination of the parameters included in the method required the use of blood, thereby leading to high cost of calibration. Therefore, in...
Pulse transit time (PTT) has been widely studied as an index of blood pressure (BP) changes. In recent years, some prototypes of PTT-based wearable BP measurement devices have been developed, which can relieve users from the discomfort caused by the inflating cuff used in auscultatory and oscillometric BP measurement techniques. However, in the common practice for PTT detection, multi-site sensor...
We investigated whether participants with higher adherence to smartphone or paper-based self-monitoring of diet, physical activity, blood glucose, and body weight have a beneficial impact on their body weight and hemoglobin A1c measures over a 3-month period. Data were combined from two intervention studies that recruited overweight or obese participants with type 2 diabetes. Three clusters of adherence...
Continuous monitoring of blood oxygen saturation (SpO2) level and heart rate is critical in surgery, ICUs and patients suffering from Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases. Pulse oximeters which compute SpO2 using transmittance photoplethysmography (PPG), is widely accepted for continuous monitoring. Presence of motion artifacts in PPG signals is a major obstacle in the extraction of reliable cardiovascular...
Camera-based measurement of the blood volume pulse via non-contact, imaging photoplethysmography is a very popular approach for measuring pulse rate using a remote imaging sensor. Comparatively less attention has been paid to the usefulness of the method for measuring features of pulse rate variability, and even less focus has been put on the accuracy of any cardiac activity feature that can be achieved...
Lithium preparations are considered the most reliable form of mood stabilizing medication for patients with Bipolar disorder. Nevertheless, lithium is a toxic element and its therapeutic range is extremely narrow, with levels of 0.61.0 mEq considered normal, whereas levels above 1.5 mEq are toxic. Thus unfortunately, many patients reach toxic levels that lead to unnecessary complications. It is believed...
The correct treatment of diabetes is vital to a patient's health: Staying within defined blood glucose levels prevents dangerous short- and long-term effects on the body. Mobile devices informing patients about their future blood glucose levels could enable them to take counter-measures to prevent hypo or hyper periods. Previous work addressed this challenge by predicting the blood glucose levels...
Fluorescence immunoassays (FIA) have strong potential in enabling rapid quantitative immunological testing at point of care. Existing state of the art instruments employ laser scanning of FIA test kits, which require the use of electromechanical systems, making the instrument bulky, heavy and less reliable in the long term. There is a growing need for an extremely compact and reliable, motion-free,...
A multiscale model for blood glucose regulation in diabetes type I patients is constructed by integrating detailed metabolic network models for fat, liver and muscle cells into a whole body physiologically-based pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (pBPK/PD) model. The blood glucose regulation PBPK/PD model simulates the distribution and metabolization of glucose, insulin and glucagon on an organ and whole...
Heart Rate Variability (HRV) signal analysis provides a quantitative marker of the Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) function. A wristband-type wireless photoplethysmographic (PPG) device was custom-designed to collect and analyze the arterial pulse in the wrist. The proposed device is comprised of an optical sensor to monitor arterial pulse, a signal conditioning unit to filter and amplify the analog...
Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a severe consequence of cardiac arrest (CA) representing a substantial diagnostic challenge. We have recently designed a novel method for the assessment of HIE after CA. The method is based on estimating the severity of the brain injury by analyzing changes in the electroencephalogram (EEG) slow wave activity while the patient is exposed to an anesthetic drug...
We describe an approach to support athletes at various fitness levels in their training load analysis using heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV). A smartphone-based application (HRV4Training) was developed that captures heart activity over one to five minutes using photoplethysmography (PPG) and derives HR and HRV features. HRV4Training integrated a guide for an early morning spot measurement...
Early diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is widely regarded as necessary to allow treatment to be started before irreversible damage to the brain occur and for patients to benefit from new therapies as they become available. Low-cost point-of-care (PoC) diagnostic tools that can be used to routinely diagnose AD in its early stage would facilitate this, but such tools require reliable and accurate...
Monitoring of aortic valve (AV) opening and closure during left ventricular assist device (LVAD) heart pump support is crucial in preventing AV abnormalities and remodeling caused by anomalous resirculation. In this study, simulations of LVAD motor current waveforms were undertaken to investigate AV response to rotary blood pump assistance, as well as to detect AV open and close status under heart...
There is a strong need for actions to supply the blood demand in the World. Based on this fact, it was designed an application, named ‘Blood Hero’, by applying the ‘gamification’ concept, which allows users to be rewarded by social acts related to the blood donation. It takes advantage of the application of mobile devices, implementing a specific social network, to attract and retain blood donators...
Viral load quantification is a critical need for HIV management worldwide. However, the diagnostic technologies currently available are too limited by their size and expense to reach many remote and resource-limited populations. Toward the development of techniques which can be leveraged for point-of-care assays, we have investigated affinity capture of whole viruses using magnetic microparticles...
Impaired transfer of nutrients from mother to fetus can affect pregnancy outcomes. The placenta has a complex microstructure, including the maternal intervillous space and fetal capillaries. Previous computational models of placental transfer either assumed a simplified idealized local geometry or were based on 2D imaging. In this study, we present a novel 3D computational model to assess the placental...
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