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This paper presents a 153–162 GHz pre-amplified power detector receiver based on a 250 nm InP/InGaAs/InP double heterojunction bipolar transistor (DHBT) process. The front end consists of a double slot antenna followed by a five stage low noise amplifier and a detector. The receiver is characterized through measurements of its response to broadband hot and cold terminations. A simplified method is...
Terahertz (THz) pulse imaging can provide not only the image, but also the constituent of the detected object. However, various noises from THz source, detector and other parts will decrease the image quality. In this paper, a THz image of a metal hoop was obtained by pulse THz waves, and the finite impulse response digital filter was used to remove the low frequency noise caused by the unstability...
This letter presents the design and fabrication of a 340GHz sub-harmonic mixer (SHM), which mainly includes a pair of anti-parallel planar Schottky diodes fixed onto a quartz-based microstrip circuit chip. At room temperature, the mixer performances were measured in 313GHz-360GHz. Our recent results show that the signal side band (SSB) conversion losses were from 9.78 dB to 12.74dB, and the double...
We present measurements from a prototype array of superconducting kinetic inductance detectors optimized for 150 GHz radiation and commercially fabricated from 20 nm aluminum films on silicon wafers.
Terahertz (THz) photo-detectors, consisting of a r graphene nano-bridge and a plane antenna have been fabricated c and characterized. Hot electrons in graphene-bridge (GB) are generated after absorbing the incident THz photons. We measured the amplified thermal noise power from hot electrons to sense the absorbed THz power. By using this noise-thermometric technique, a THz photodetector with temperature...
Two monolithic microwave integrated circuit low noise amplifiers for 67–116 GHz have been developed using the 50 nm metamorphic high electron mobility transistor technology of Fraunhofer IAF. Both amplifiers have been measured on-wafer at room temperature and one of them additionally in a waveguide module at an ambient temperature of 18 K. The average gain and noise temperature in the band 75–110...
We overview the technology of superconducting Hot-Electron Bolometer mixers in the field of terahertz heterodyne detection. HEB mixer performance is analyzed vs competing technologies and application fields, with emphasize on radio astronomy. We discuss materials which have been reported in the past to be used for such devices with both phonon-substrate and electron-diffusion cooling mechanisms. It...
Terahertz (THz) spectroscopy is a powerful technique for identification of dangerous materials like drugs and explosives, especially when hidden under optically opaque concealments. Multiple-reflections within such sample systems lead to additional spectral features which could be misinterpreted as artificial material absorption bands. We show that combinations of different chemometric tools help...
A comparison between two mixer designs is presented in this paper. The electromagnetic performances of fourth-harmonic mixer are compared with the ones of a sub-harmonic mixer both working at an RF frequency of 440 GHz. The best results in terms of noise temperature and conversion loss values are obtained for the sub-harmonic mixer; however, a higher local oscillator frequency is required to pump...
We report on developments of the camera for 590 GHz radiation which has been stitched from four 12×12 antenna-coupled field-effect transistor detector (TeraFET) arrays and supplemented with parallelized low noise read-out electronics. In the current state, the read-out speed of 740 frames-per-second (fps) for a 12×12 element segment has been achieved. It is anticipated that in the final state the...
We report on a 4.7 THz heterodyne receiver being developed to fly on the Stratospheric Terahertz Observatory (STO-2) balloon platform. The receiver is based on a single pixel hot electron bolometer (HEB) mixer pumped by a 4.7 THz 3rd order distributed feedback quantum cascade laser (QCL) as local oscillator and is designed for high resolution spectroscopy of the astronomically important neutral oxygen...
Schottky mixers have excellent sensitivity at room temperature and improve upon cooling, which make them a good candidate for long duration measurements where cryogens are difficult or impossible to use. The development and testing of a 1.46 THz Schottky diode receiver will be described, including measurements of the cryogenic performance of the local oscillator and the mixer. A receiver noise temperature...
In the pursuit of an uncooled THz sensor, we address the specific modeling and optimization method for micro-machined transistors for the implementation of antenna-coupled MOSFET bolometers. We discuss the degrees of freedom for maximizing the device's SNR, outlining also the trade-offs in relation to the requirements of an integrated read-out circuit. The methodology was applied to novel antenna-coupled...
This paper reports on the design and performance of a terahertz (THz) linear camera with 50 pW/√Hz noise-equivalent power (NEP). This camera is sensitive to four bands of vertically and horizontally polarized THz radiation (0.22, 0.32, 0.42, and 0.52 THz). The heart of the camera is a diode-based focal plane array (FPA) that has a 10 nV thermal noise level and 1–2 kV/W sensitivity across the four...
The traveling-wave kinetic inductance parametric (TKIP) amplifier is a new amplifier technology capable of near quantum-limited sensitivity over a wide instantaneous bandwidth. Microwave frequency versions of these amplifiers, which are based on four-wave mixing in an NbTiN coplanar waveguide transmission line, have demonstrated high gain and noise corresponding to a few photons at several GHz. Their...
InP HEMT technology has long had a place in both civil and defense space applications, particularly at millimeter wavelengths where it's high speed and low DC power provide clear benefits. With a new generation of transistor showing fMAX > 1.2 and integrated circuits operating frequencies reaching 850 GHz, new performance levels and applications become possible. This talk will provide a status...
Microwave kinetic inductance detectors (MKIDs) promise high sensitivity, combined with device simplicity and intrinsic multiplexibility. We have measured the response and noise equivalent power (NEP) of an all-aluminium, antenna coupled MKID at 1.54 THz, both as a function of radiation power and as a function of readout power. Eight optical filters and a box-in-box configuration at the bath temperature,...
Millimeter-wave holographic imaging system can acquire 3D images and is nonionzing, which especially fits human imaging. Widely utilized linear antenna arrays provide high scanning speed as well as non-uniformity artifacts. In this paper, we developed a set of calibration methods and image denoising algorithms to eliminate the influences of system errors including response non-uniformity, transmission...
High sensitivity room temperature THz direct detectors made of YBa2Cu3O7-x nano-bridges, with a broadband optical coupling (0.1–2THz) are presented. An optical responsivity (Rv) up to 45 V/W was measured at 400 GHz. For bolometers with an electrical responsivity of 70 V/W a noise equivalent power (NEP) of 50 pW/Hz0.5 was experimental obtained.
Measurement of the continuum radiation with coherent microwave radiometers was implemented in several space-borne missions for Astronomy, Earth and Planetary Science. Planck Low Frequency Instrument (LFI) completed characterization of Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) in 2013, Advanced Microwave Radiometer (AMR) has measured atmospheric humidity over oceans since 2008 on OSTM/Jason 2 mission, and...
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