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Electric-drive vehicles, including hybrid (HEV), plug-in hybrid (PHEV) and electric vehicles (EV), require a high-voltage (HV) battery pack for propulsion, and a low-voltage (LV) dc bus for auxiliary loads. This paper presents an architecture that uses modular dc-dc bypass converters to perform active battery cell balancing and to supply current to auxiliary loads, eliminating the need for a separate...
This paper proposes a novel control scheme for a stand-alone PV application. A two power stage approach has been used that consists of a front end high gain DC-DC converter followed by a 3φ H-bridge inverter. A general reactive load has been considered. The control scheme uses abc to dq reference frame transformation. The active power demand is controlled by regulating the dc link voltage. Reactive...
A family of single-stage converters called Reconfigurable Solar Converter (RSC) is presented for integration of energy storage with a PV system where ramp-rate control and peak-shifting is desired. An algorithm designed to reduce the variability of photovoltaic (PV) power output by using a battery demonstrates the PV power output smoothing. The purpose of the battery is to add power to the PV output...
This paper presents a fully integrated, four-phase, DC-DC switching converter with fast transient response. By applying effective clock and phase synchronization schemes to a current-mode hysteretic control, the multiphase converter achieves ripple cancellation and fast transient response seamlessly. Thanks to the very high frequency (VHF) operation (200 MHz) and the multiphase interleaving topology,...
This paper introduces a new battery management system for portable electronics applications based on the flyback converter. This new architecture integrates the voltage step-up and balancing functions inside a single converter. The step-up function is obtained using an assisting concept, where the flyback output is placed at the top of the battery pack and is therefore only processing a portion of...
On-chip switched capacitor (SC) converters for multicore microprocessor power delivery have the potential to reduce the overall energy consumption of future multicore microprocessor systems by independently regulating the voltage supply of each core. This paper describes an on-chip SC converter that can be reconfigured between a 2:1 and a 3:2 voltage conversion ratio to support a wide output voltage...
This paper studies the characteristics of battery packs with parallel-connected lithium-ion battery cells. To investigate the influence of cell inconsistency problem in parallel-connected cells, a group of different degraded lithium-ion battery cells were selected to build various battery packs and test them using a battery test bench. The physical model was developed to simulate the operation of...
This paper proposes a new distributed battery energy architecture based on the micro-bank modules for DC microgrids. The benefits of the proposed architecture include 1) no voltage sharing problem and no overcharge/overdischarge problem; 2) high compatibility and reliability 3) high energy utilization efficiency; 4) reduced volume and weight of the BMS. Taking advantage of the battery recovery effect,...
This paper proposes a design of an on-chip coupled power inductor (OCPI) structure which consists of a layer of ferrite core material and another layer of coupled spiral windings on a silicon substrate. The flux cancellation effect of the two inversely coupled windings significantly reduces the net fluxes in the ferrite layer, which helps increasing the saturation current of the power inductor. An...
This paper introduces the Dual-Frequency Single-Inductor Multiple-Output (DF-SIMO) power converter topology as a cost-effective and power-efficient method for implementing a large number of on-chip power supplies (i.e. on-chip power grids) in nanometer CMOS System-on-Chip (SoCs). The proposed topology decouples the rate of energy conversion at the input of the converter from the rate of energy distribution...
A microgrid is an integration of distributed energy sources, loads and energy storage systems. Indeed, energy storage systems are required in order to ensure reliability and power quality because of the intermittent nature of renewable energy sources and changes of load demand. Apart from that, the use of distributed energy storage units provides redundancy to the system and support possible increments...
This paper presents a distributed battery energy storage architecture where the cells in the battery pack are decoupled from each other by connecting each cell with a lower power (smaller) DC-DC power converter. In addition to providing voltage regulation for the DC bus, these small DC-DC power converters are utilized to achieve state of charge (SOC) balancing among the cells by employing a proposed...
This work targets modular nanogrids for remote locations, where photovoltaic modules can be gradually introduced to grow the renewable energy capacity at minimal capital cost, while reducing diesel fuel consumption. Today's grid-tied micro-inverters provide a modular solution for ac power generation in nanogrids but battery storage remains centralized, requiring an additional ac-dc converter. The...
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