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Pakistan is experiencing electrical power supply and demand challenge. Country??s demand is rising immensely, especially in domestic sector and it is imperative to decide the new power policies in order to control the situation. One of the primary requirements for power policy design is to construct a detailed electricity demand forecasting model. This study predicts electricity consumption for domestic...
In this paper, two novel perturbation and observation (P&O) algorithms for maximising the output power of variable-speed wind turbine generator (WTG) systems are proposed. The proposed P&O algorithms use adaptive perturbation step sizes and adaptive observation periods, which are automatically tuned with turbine coefficient errors and rotor speed errors, respectively. The purpose of adopting...
The increased levels of distributed generator (DG) penetration and the customer demand for high levels of reliability have attributed to the formation of the Microgrid concept. The Microgrid concept contains a variety of technical challenges, including load management and anti-islanding protection discrimination strategies. This paper provides a novel scheme in which loads and DG are able to detect...
This paper presents dynamic performance improvement of the bidirectional battery chargers using predictive current control. The proposed controller is designed using the small signal analyses and derived transfer functions considering the equivalent battery circuit to extend an effective operational range for wide input voltage variations via or from wide battery voltage variations. With analytical...
In this paper, a power system set membership state estimator (SMSE) in a bounded-error context is proposed based on interval constraint propagation. Its effectiveness is tested with the IEEE 4-bus, 14-bus, 30-bus, 118-bus, and 300-bus systems. Comparison is made between SMSE and typical existing methods. Simulation results show that the proposed method is effective in obtaining a guaranteed and small...
The solid state fault interruption device (SSFID) is used for the purpose of quickly isolating sections of power networks under permanent faults. The SSFID is tested for performance by simulation in a simulated medium voltage system. A comparison with the conventional breaker is presented in response to system faults in the presence of wind power plants and other distributed energy resources. The...
The energy demand of electric vehicles (EVs) is expected to take a significant share in the electricity market in the future. As the charging power of EVs is much higher than any other individual household appliances, the power demand modeling of EVs needs to be analyzed. In this study, the charging profile of EVs is modeled by combining two probabilistic functions together: state of charge (SOC)...
This paper presents an overview of technical interconnection requirements for renewable energy generators in North America, which may also be applicable in other regions. The focus will be on wind and solar generators. The specific technical requirements for distribution and transmission interconnections will be identified and described in general terms. Specific technical areas of general concern...
In this paper, a kernel machine based method is proposed for short-term load forecasting. This paper makes use of Informative Vector Machine (IVM) of kernel machine to provide better prediction results with short-term load forecasting. The Kernel Machine technique is an extension of Support Vector Machine (SVM) that is very useful for pattern recognition to deal with the regression model with quantitative...
A sustainable power grid should be able to provide both environmental and economical advantages in electricity energy generation, consumption, and transaction facilitations. The smart grid inter-operability structure should be able to sustain with future energy market designs, flexible energy transactions, and new energy technologies, such as electric cars, dispersed generation, and highly penetrated...
As the penetration of wind and solar resources deepens, grid operators must deal with increasing levels of variability and intermittency. While it becomes necessary to increase the reserves requirements to effectively manage such a resource mix, the speed at which the reserves can respond becomes of critical importance. Renewable resource power outputs — such as those of wind units — can change rapidly...
Current U.S. electricity markets select supply bids by using a bid cost minimization (BCM) auction mechanism but then settle the payments based on locational marginal prices (LMPs). The resulting payments can be significantly higher than the minimized bid costs. An alternative payment cost minimization (PCM) mechanism aiming to minimize the total payments has been discussed. Studies on single product...
The conventional economic dispatch (ED) model does not consider the case that some units are allowed to be shut down. To take this case into account, in this paper, a new ED model is proposed. The new model is based on a simple but fundamental theory. Its proof is presented first, followed by the test case of a large-scale system. The new model successfully converges at the solutions in which the...
Coordination control has a substantial potential to enhance the power system stability and has drawn considerable attention for years in the literature. In this paper, the coordination of the excitation and SVCs is studied. The pseudo-generalized Hamiltonian system is introduced, which has a more general form and a wider range of application. Based on this, a bona fide Lyapunov function is constructed...
This paper presents an preliminary study of using superconducting cables to interconnect two distribution substations in urban areas in distribution networks. To compare the approach with the conventional underground cables, discussion and calculation is carried out in terms of factors that affect the interconnection: investment cost, reliability, energy loss, capacity, environmental impact and the...
As smart grid technologies become more widely deployed, an increasing number of cyber vulnerabilities will be found throughout the supporting systems. While the traditional IT industry has a long history of dealing with vulnerability disclosures, however, recent discoveries within control system software have shown the power industry still lacks sufficient polices and approaches. This paper introduces...
The idea of connecting some adjacent microgrids and making a multi-microgrid (MMG) have recently attracted attention among power system researchers. It helps better operate, control and manage the power system. This paper presents a multiobjective optimal power flow (MOPF) algorithm for improving the performance of MMGs incorporating interline power flow controller (IPFC). The proposed MOPF simultaneously...
This paper introduces a new concept called a Virtual Generator (VG). VGs are simplified representations of groups of coherent synchronous generators in a power system. They resemble commonly used power system dynamic equivalents obtained via generator aggregation techniques. Traditionally power system dynamic equivalents are developed offline, fixed, and used to replace large portions of the system...
Significant infrastructure demand will be experienced for the widespread use of Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs) for Vehicle to Grid (V2G) transactions. Charging stations are expected to be used in a wide array of commercial enterprises that will aid PHEV users to charge their vehicles. LEVEL 3 charging or Fast Charging is an alternative to the standard LEVEL 1 and LEVEL 2 charging topology...
The present research paper presents five different clustering methods to identify typical load profiles of medium voltage (MV) electricity consumers. These methods are intended to be used in a smart grid environment to extract useful knowledge about customer's behaviour. The obtained knowledge can be used to support a decision tool, not only for utilities but also for consumers. Load profiles can...
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