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In India, number of people with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) would be 87 million by the year 2030. DM disturbs autonomic regulation of skin micro-circulation, and causes decrease in resting blood flows through the skin. The skin blood flow has a major effect on its temperature. The aim of the study was to evaluate changes of skin temperature of all parts of the body and serum asymmetric dimethylarginine,...
The creation of an automatic diabetic retinopathy screening system using retina cameras is currently receiving considerable interest in the medical imaging community. The detection of microaneurysms is a key element in this effort. In this work, we propose a new microaneurysms segmentation technique based on a novel application of the radon transform, which is able to identify these lesions without...
This study was designed to assess the effect of time on the repeatability of the LorAn pressure distribution measurement system, and evaluate the variability of plantar pressure and postural balance, during barefoot standing in diabetic and non-diabetic subjects, for future diabetic foot clinical evaluation. Fourteen subjects were evaluated (8 females, 6 males, 8 non-diabetics and 6 diabetics, age...
Technology has recently changed type 1 diabetes treatment by introducing several advancements able to improve patients' quality of life. However, despite of several decades of research efforts, the dream of a fully-automated implanted artificial pancreas is quite far from its realization. The need for periodically restoring the implanted battery charge and refilling the implanted insulin reservoir...
We have constructed a thermal stereoscope utilizing three digital SLR cameras and an infrared camera for rapid surface reconstruction of diabetic foot geometry and temperature distribution. A structured light pattern is projected on to the foot to provide approximately 2500 reconstructed points. The reconstructed point cloud is then fitted to a finite element model, producing root mean squared errors...
New scenarios in diabetes treatment have been opened in the last ten years by continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) sensors. In particular, Non-Invasive CGM sensors are particularly appealing, even though they are still at an early stage of development. Solianis Monitoring AG (Zürich, Switzerland) has proposed an approach based on a multisensor concept, embedding primarily dielectric spectroscopy and...
Hypoglycemia is the most acute and common complication of Type 1 diabetes and is a limiting factor in a glycemic management of diabetes. In this paper, two main contributions are presented; firstly, ventricular repolarization variabilities are introduced for hypoglycemia detection, and secondly, a swarm-based support vector machine (SVM) algorithm with the inputs of the repolarization variabilities...
Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) devices measure and record a patient's subcutaneous glucose concentration as frequently as every minute for up to several days. When coupled with data-driven mathematical models, CGM data can be used for short-term prediction of glucose concentrations in diabetic patients. In this study, we present a real-time implementation of a previously developed offline data-driven...
In the last decade, improvements in diabetes daily management have become possible thanks to the development of minimally-invasive portable sensors which allow continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) for several days. In particular, hypo and hyperglycemia can be promptly detected when glucose exceeds the normal range thresholds, and even avoided through the use of on-line glucose prediction algorithms...
This paper introduces an algorithm for the automated diagnosis of referable maculopathy in retinal images for diabetic retinopathy screening. Referable maculopathy is a potentially sight-threatening condition requiring immediate referral to an ophthalmologist from the screening service, and therefore accurate referral is extremely important. The algorithm uses a pipeline of detection and filtering...
This paper proposes a method to characterize circadian changes in QT intervals for diabetic studies. Although properties of QT intervals for diabetic patients are extensively studied, their circadian changes are not fully understood. Recently, the traditional cosinor method has been utilized for a study examining the relationship between QT circadian changes and the insulin resistance of the diabetic...
Several students of Bioengineering complain about the excess of theoretical classes and the difficulty to assimilate the subject taught. This work presents a strategy to mix theory and practice when teaching, thus motivating students to engage in their studies.
Continuous glucose monitoring systems are an integral component of diabetes management. Efforts to improve the accuracy and robustness of these systems are at the forefront of diabetes research. Towards this goal, a multi-sensor approach was evaluated in hospitalized patients. In this paper, we report on a multi-sensor fusion algorithm to combine glucose sensor measurements in a retrospective fashion...
This article presents a new simulation tool for designing and testing blood glucose control algorithms in patients with type 1 diabetes. The control algorithms can be designed and implemented either with textual or graphical programming languages or by importing them from several frameworks. Realistic scenarios and protocols can be customized and built through graphical user interfaces, where several...
Optical coherence tomography is becoming one of the most important imaging modalities in the area of ophthalmology because of being noninvasive and by allowing to visualize the human retina structure in detail. It was recently proposed that OCT data embeds functional information from the human retina. Specifically, it was proposed that blood-retinal barrier status information is present within OCT...
In this paper, results of a diabetic retinopathy screening experiment are presented which is based solely on the findings of a microaneurysm detector. For this purpose, an ensemble-based algorithm developed by our research group was used; this provided promising results in our earlier experiments. At its best, the 1200 image of the Messidor database is classified by this detector with a sensitivity...
New sensors for real-time continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) and pumps for continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII), possibly mounted on the same device, opened new scenarios for Type-1 diabetes treatment. However, possible failures of either CGM or CSII can expose diabetic patients to risks that can be dangerous especially overnight. In this contribution we present a proof-of-concept method,...
Chronic diseases such as diabetes and heart disease are the leading causes of disability and death in the developed world. Technological interventions such as mobile applications have the ability to facilitate and motivate patients in chronic disease management, but these types of interventions present considerable design challenges. The primary objective of this paper is to present the challenges...
An amalgamated concept of Internet of m-health Things (m-IoT) has been introduced recently and defined as a new concept that matches the functionalities of m-health and IoT for a new and innovative future (4G health) applications. It is well know that diabetes is a major chronic disease problem worldwide with major economic and social impact. To-date there have not been any studies that address the...
Until recently, many gait studies explored potential gait alteration due to various disorders in the gait lab and using camera based systems and force platforms. However, these strategies may not replicate normal outdoor walking. Using this equipment, it is more difficult to measure the variability of walking which is important for maintaining balance and responding to different walking challenges...
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