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Contingency analysis is a key function in the Energy Management System (EMS) to assess the impact of various combinations of power system component failures based on state estimation. Contingency analysis is also extensively used in power market operation for feasibility test of market solutions. High performance computing holds the promise of faster analysis of more contingency cases for the purpose...
A methodology based on the security-constrained unit commitment (SCUC) is applied to analyze the transmission congestion in the Eastern Interconnection of the United States for 2008 and 2018. The proposed SCUC tool for this study is referred to as the POwer Market Simulator (POMS). The identified congestions are visualized along with the Geographical Information System (GIS) data and compared with...
This paper illustrates the problems associated with using Norton equivalent models to represent single-phase nonlinear loads. The study is conducted with a specially-developed harmonics testing station that uses feedback to drive the load voltage to a desired target waveform. We apply various voltage waveshapes with 5% THDv to several types of single-phase nonlinear loads which allow us to compute...
Dynamic voltage stability analysis demands a large amount of computing power because of the higher degree of model details and the longer simulated time span. In order to perform voltage stability analysis during operation - so called on-line dynamic voltage stability assessment - and to help the operator with the results to make the right decision, these analyses have to be performed rapidly within...
Modern power grids with their physical current-carrying components and the embedded computer, communication and control networks are fast emerging as one of the largest and most complex cyber-physical systems. The addition of more sensing, communication, variable power sources and storage under the renewable energy thrust and smart grid initiative will add even higher orders of dimensionality and...
This paper presents the practical experience of the Brazilian System Operator with the online dynamic security assessment. More specifically, it describes the adopted models, analytical methods and functions, performance, EMS integration, user interface and implementation issues. Examples of situations in which the online security assessment was very useful are also shown.
In this paper, a notional Future Renewable Electric Energy Delivery and Management (FREEDM) system has been developed based on a real distribution feeder. The goal is to develop a digital testbed which can be used to show capabilities of this system, and to help the development of especially the new system components and the control schemes for this system. Two digital testbeds have been developed,...
The “Smart Grid” refers to various efforts to modernize the power grid through the application of intelligent devices. This paper describes current thinking by members of the Distribution System Analysis Subcommittee (DSA SC) on how distribution system analysis might evolve to support the Smart Grid. Various issues related to Smart Grid and distribution system analysis are identified. The essential...
We propose two optimization-based models for computing the allowable penetration level of multiple distributed generators, taking into account voltage regulation constraints. A single level optimization model is developed for computing the maximum penetration level, while a bi-level optimization model is developed to answer the question as to at least how much power a distribution system can accommodate...
The Multi-Area Thévenin Equivalent algorithm (MATE) partitions a network into a number of subnetworks connected by links. The solution proceeds in two stages: first the subnetworks are solved independently, with the links open, and then the system formed by the links is solved with the subnetworks represented by their Thévenin equivalents as seen from the link nodes. In this paper, an overview of...
With the increasing demand in PHEV safety, performance, etc., the PHEV applications require a battery model which can accurately reflect and predict the battery performance under different dynamic loads, environmental conditions, and battery conditions. An accurate battery model is the basis of the precise battery state (state of charge, state of health and state of function) estimation. And the precise...
According to the distributed substation protection configuration and the principle of fault-clearance, a new model of fault diagnosis based on Petri net is proposed in this paper. In Petri net diagnosis model, all kinds of fault have a specific token which make it easily and clearly to find the fault location and understand the sequence of the fault events. The diagnostic is implemented by solving...
This paper describes a design process of advanced grid equipment including both dynamic simulations and power-hardware- in-the-loop. A case study concerning the insertion of an energy storage system in a large isolated grid is used as an illustrative example. First, the methodology developed to achieve a real-time simulation of the studied grid from its original dynamic model is presented. The real-time...
Most energy management system applications are developed based on the positive sequence network model. While it is commonly assumed that this is a reasonable approximation for steady state analysis, quantifying the amount of error introduced as a result of this approximation is needed. Furthermore, methods to minimize the impact of these errors on the network applications must also be developed. This...
This paper combines two previous techniques, reference independent LMP decomposition and fictitious nodal demand (FND), to achieve an improved LMP model. The combined model distributes system losses in each individual line such that there is no mismatch in every bus. Also, the reference independent LMP decomposition is still preserved..
Although a desirable attribute, not all operations models currently make use of real-time data for various reasons. To say the least, the regional scope and comprehensiveness that current data encompasses may be considered limited and incomplete. However, as computational, communication, security, and instrumentation technologies advance, smart grid technology demonstrates the potential to radically...
This paper describes the most recent German regulation on the integration of dispersed power generation into the medium and high voltage grid in terms of the latest grid codes. A special consideration is given to the advanced requirement on frequency control and dynamic voltage support. An overview on the status quo of certification regulations and implementation approaches in selected countries both...
In this paper, issues related to price forecasting in a smart grid environment are discussed. In such an environment, demand-side resources are enabled to play a bigger role in the operation of electricity markets, compared to the limited demand-side market participation in most of the existing markets. The response of the demand-side to price forecasts could impact the formation of price patterns,...
This paper presents the Levels of Conceptual Interoperability Model (LCIM) in the context of supporting composability, interoperability, and integratability of systems and identifies the architecture constraints for enterprise and systems architectures. While enterprise architectures set the conceptual context for the systems, the system architecture defines the implementation details. These research...
PJM Interconnection has successfully designed and implemented a Transient Stability Analysis & Control (TSA&C) system. This is the first on-line transient stability analysis ever performed in the control center of a large power network. TEPCO-BCU was selected as a leading fast screening tool to improve the performance of PJM's TSA system. This paper will present an evaluation of TEPCO-BCU...
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