There are usually multiple mineral deposits in one mineral area, so comprehensive exploitation is very important. Based on the interpretation of the working mechanism of neural network expert system, first, a mining condition evaluation index system was designed; second, according to the mining conditions of the mineral deposit, a three-layer neural network was built; third, a detailed study on knowledge acquisition and expression of the neural network expert system was made; Finally, the neural network expert system was trained and analyzed, which show that it can be used for the identification of the mining conditions, the mining scale, the total investment and the internal rate of return, thereby can provide scientific decision-making references for the mines from rational mining sequence, scientific arrangement of investment funds to the rational mining scales.