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Diagnostic laboratory tests are an integral part of the management of trauma patients, however, may be responsible for significant iatrogenic blood loss. The purpose of this study was to examine how phlebotomy practises have changed over time, and to assess the impact of these practises on patient outcomes.A continuous series of injured patients admitted to a level I trauma centre (March–April 2004)...
Amongst trauma patients, early coagulopathy is common on hospital admission. No studies have evaluated the initial coagulation status in the pre-hospital setting. We hypothesise that the coagulopathic process begins at the time of trauma. We studied the on-scene and on hospital arrival coagulation profile of trauma patients.Prospective, observational study investigating the on-scene coagulation profile...
AAST-OIS grade V complex hepatic injuries are often fatal as a result of exsanguination. We report a patient presenting in extremis with a penetrating injury to the right kidney, liver, middle hepatic vein, diaphragm, and lung. A combination of intrahepatic balloon tamponade and hepatic venous stenting was used to control exsanguinating haemorrhage, the first time this combination has been reported...
Previous studies reported a high failure rate in relieving tension pneumothorax by needle thoracostomy, because the catheter was not sufficiently long to access the pleural space. The Advanced Trauma Life Support guideline recommends needle thoracostomy at the second intercostal space in the middle clavicular line using a 5.0-cm catheter, whereas the corresponding guideline in Japan does not mention...
Whole-body computed tomography (WBCT) plays an important role in the management of severely injured patients. We evaluated the radiation exposure of WBCT scans using different positioning boards and arm positions.In this retrospective study, the radiation exposure of WBCT using a 16-slice multislice computed tomography scanner was evaluated. Individual effective doses (E, mSV) was calculated. Patients...
Missed injuries continue to cause deaths amongst trauma patients. Regardless of the definition of missed injuries, it is important to identify all injuries at any stage in the care of trauma patients in order to improve patient outcome. This study was performed to evaluate to what extent missed injuries contribute to a fatal outcome at a new Level 1 Trauma Unit.The medical records and autopsy reports...
The technologic innovations of the last three decades, coupled with a deeper understanding of the immunologic role of the spleen, have significantly shifted the management of splenic injuries towards non-operative approaches. However, there continuous to be a wide range of practice patterns related to the non-operative management of splenic injuries, from which the authors infer a gap between the...
The objective of this study is to explore the magnitude and pattern of electrical injury in Bangladesh.A national survey was conducted between January and December 2003 in Bangladesh. Nationally representative data were collected from 171,366 rural and urban households comprising a 819,429 population. The survey was conducted at a household level with a structured questionnaire.The incidence of fatal...
Whole-body CT scan is the cornerstone of trauma-related injury assessment. Several lines of evidence indicate that significant number of injuries may remain undetected after the initial hot report of CT. Missed injuries (MI) represent an important issue in trauma patients, for they may increase morbidity, mortality and costs. The aim of this study was to examine incidence and predictors of MI in trauma...
After introducing splenic artery embolisation (SAE) in the institutional treatment protocol for splenic injury, we wanted to evaluate the effects of SAE on splenic function and assess the need for immunisation in SAE treated patients.15 SAE patients and 14 splenectomised (SPL) patients were included and 29 healthy blood donors volunteered as controls. Clinical examination, medical history, general...
Injuries represent a significant health burden in Australia. In New South Wales (NSW), no routine follow-up of post-injury health outcomes is conducted. This article describes the development of a protocol and the conduct of a pilot study to collect information on trauma outcomes at 3 months post-injury at two trauma centres. A modified Victorian model of trauma outcomes monitoring was adopted, with...
Unintentional falls at home are a common cause of admissions to hospital amongst young and middle-aged adults. This population-based study investigated the longer-term health, physical and psychological outcomes following such injuries, and the predictors of these sequelae.Individuals aged 25–60 years admitted to hospital in the Auckland region between July 2005 and June 2006 following an unintentional...
Many authors have suggested that some road traffic crashes are disguised suicide attempts. A case report and literature review is used to explore this claim and to examine the frequency and risk factors associated with driver suicide. The author concludes the methodological difficulty of establishing the driver's intent of suicide accounts for an under-estimation of the frequency of this event and...
A high ratio of fresh frozen plasma (FFP) to packed red blood cells (PRBC) is currently recognised as the standard of care in some centres during massive transfusion post trauma. The aim of this study was to test whether the presumption of benefit held true for severely injured patients who received a massive transfusion, but did not present with acute traumatic coagulopathy.Data collected in The...
To describe the residual physical problems 1 year after traffic injuries in children with respect to age, gender, extraction (Swedish or foreign), type of care, type of accident and use of protective equipment, type of injury, and the impact on daily living activities.Hospital data were analysed for children, aged 15 or under, after road traffic accidents in the Gothenburg region in 2000. Age, gender,...
Screening CT often detects posttraumatic pneumothoraces that were not diagnosed on a preceding supine anteroposterior chest radiograph (occult pneumothoraces (OPTXs)). Because abdominal CT imaging misses OPTXs in the upper thorax, the objective of this study was to evaluate the utility of cervical spine (C-spine) CT screening for diagnosing OPTXs.A dual-institution (Foothills Medical Centre and Grady...
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