The Infona portal uses cookies, i.e. strings of text saved by a browser on the user's device. The portal can access those files and use them to remember the user's data, such as their chosen settings (screen view, interface language, etc.), or their login data. By using the Infona portal the user accepts automatic saving and using this information for portal operation purposes. More information on the subject can be found in the Privacy Policy and Terms of Service. By closing this window the user confirms that they have read the information on cookie usage, and they accept the privacy policy and the way cookies are used by the portal. You can change the cookie settings in your browser.
During agonistic interactions intertidal crabs, when exposed to air, produce a foam made of digestive secretions, sea water and air bubbles. They also may release their digestive secretions in water when disturbed. Crabs belonging to the families Majidae, Xanthidae and Portunidae from Atlantic and Pacific areas, not related with human poisoning, possess substances in their digestive secretion which...
When purified capillary permeability-increasing (CPI)-enzyme-1, CPI-enzyme-2, kininogenase-1 or kininogenase-2 was incubated with human fibrinogen at a ratio of 1:100 by weight, a loss of fibrinogen coagulability was seen at prolonged incubation times. CPI-enzyme-2 and kininogenase-1 caused a rapid loss of coagulability, while CPI-enzyme-1 and kininogenase-2 acted more slowly. When human fibrinogen...
An ethanolic extract from a zoanthid crust coral Parazoanthus axinellae was lethal to mice and crabs and exhibited anticholinesterase activity. The isolation of several AChE inhibitors with the aid of RP-HPLC is described. The most abundant of the inhibitors present in the P. axinellae extract was identified as pseudozoanthoxanthin or an almost identical compound which belongs to the chemically well-characterized...
The crude venom of the stonefish (Synanceia verrucosa) possesses numerous enzymatic properties (hyaluronidase, eight esterases and ten aminopeptidases). Verrucotoxin was isolated by DEAE and hydroxyapatite chromatography, followed by FPLC gel filtration on Superdex 200 HR 1030. It was found to be a glycoprotein with a mol. wt of 322,000 ± 2000, comprising four subunits, 2α (83,000) and 2β (78,000)...
Although the ld 50 has been used to quantify the biologically active toxin in clinical preparations of botulinum A toxin (Botox and Dysport ), a discrepancy exists between the botulinum A toxin for multiple clinical indications. Our laboratory previously reported that a regional chemodenervation assay in the mouse could be utilized to detect the difference in the potencies of the...
The complete amino acid sequence of a hemorrhagic factor, HR2b, from the venom of Okinawa habu was determined. The hemorrhagic factor was fragmented by CNBr cleavage, trypsin, staphylococcal protease V8 and lysyl endopeptidase digestions. The resulting peptides were purified on high performance chromatography, and sequenced by Edman degradation. HR2b was composed of 204 amino acids with pyroglutamyl...
The two epimers of [ 3 H]dihydromicrocystin-LR (spec. act. 32.6 μCi/μmole) were synthesized by reduction of microcystin-LR, a cyclic heptapeptide hepatotoxin, with sodium boro[ 3 H]hydride. In Atlantic salmon, following an i.p. injection of the epimers (0.1 mg of toxin/100 g), the toxins were; after 2 hr, concentrated in the liver and pyloric caeca and intestine; after 5 and 22 hr,...
In alcoholic extracts from museum samples of the toads Atelopus subornatus and A. peruensis tetrodotoxin and its analogues, 4-epitetrodotoxin and 4,9-anhydrotetrodotoxin were detected by fluorometric HPLC analysis, extending the list of amphibians containing this toxin. However, the toxin was not detected in samples of Melanophryniscus stelzneri, Dendrophryniscus minutus and Oreophrynella sp.
Chemical modification studies have been carried out on the sea anemone polypeptide anthopleurin-A in order to clarify the role of Arg-14 in its cardiac stimulatory activity. Reaction with 1,2-cyclohexanedione at 37°C produced a range of protein products, including some with amino group modifications. These side-reactions were eliminated by prior citraconylation of the amino groups, which, following...
Thermostable direct hemolysin produced by Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a major virulence factor of the organism. The hemolysin has a variety of biological activities such as lethality to mice, cytotoxicity to cultured cells, cardiotoxicity, and fluid accumulating activity in rabbit ileal loop test. In this study, we attempted to isolate less hemolytic mutant toxins of the thermostable direct hemolysin...
Set the date range to filter the displayed results. You can set a starting date, ending date or both. You can enter the dates manually or choose them from the calendar.