Eleven and a half percent of intellectually handicapped children in Castilla-Leon are subjected to maltreatment; in these, physical neglect is the most frequent. These findings come from a questionnaire (CEMND) specifically designed to detect and discover the prevalence of maltreatment in a sample of 445 mentally retarded children. It was discovered that problems between the child's parents, the child's behavior and the interaction between both aspects were significant factors in situations of maltreatment.