Journal of Dairy Science

article

Ruminal Fermentation and Digestion in Lactating Cows Fed Grass Silage with Protein and Energy Supplements1

Hélène V. Petit, G.F. Tremblay

Journal of Dairy Science > 1995 > 78 > 2 > 342-352

Four multiparous Holstein cows were used in a 4 × 5 incomplete Latin square design to study the effects of different dietary sources of energy and protein on digestion, ruminal fermentation, and degradability in cows fed high moisture grass silage. The five treatments were an all silage diet (control); silage and concentrate containing soybean meal fed with corn, beet pulp, or a mixture (50:50 on...

article

Memorial: Glen Wade Salisbury

Journal of Dairy Science > 1995 > 78 > 2 > 466-467

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Factors Affecting the Denaturation and Aggregation of Whey Proteins in Heated Whey Protein Concentrate Mixtures1

C.M. Hollar, N. Parris, A. Hsieh, K.D. Cockley

Journal of Dairy Science > 1995 > 78 > 2 > 260-267

Whey protein concentrate (65% protein) mixtures, alone or in the presence of NDM, were heated at 66 and 71°C for up to 120min to yield 16, 25, and 35% TS to simulate the formulation of a nutritional product. Addition of low heat NDM to a whey protein concentrate mixture to yield 35% TS resulted in 6 and 20% denaturation after 120min and 27 and 83% in the whey protein concentrate mixture (16% TS) at...

article

Effects of an Escherichia coli J5 Vaccine on Mild Clinical Coliform Mastitis1

J.S. Hogan, W.P. Weiss, K.L. Smith, D.A. Todhunter, more

Journal of Dairy Science > 1995 > 78 > 2 > 285-290

Efficacy of an Escherichia coli (Olll:B4) J5 bacterin was tested in an experimental challenge trial. Nineteen cows were vaccinated with an E. coli J5 bacterin, and 10 cows were injected with a placebo containing adjuvant only. Vaccine and placebo were administered at drying off, 30 d after drying off, and within 48h after calving. Cows were challenged approximately 30 d after calving by intramammary...

article

Regularity of Dairy Cow Feeding Behavior with Computer-Controlled Feeders1,2

N. Livshin, E. Maltz, Y. Edan

Journal of Dairy Science > 1995 > 78 > 2 > 296-304

The regularity with which cows visit a computerized concentrate feeding station was investigated under two fixed-time feeding routines with four and six equal diurnal feeding intervals (feeding windows). The experiment was conducted using an Israeli commercial dairy herd, and space was sufficient for cow traffic related to feeding. In both trials, a regular diurnal pattern of feeding in accordance...

article

Production Evaluation Techniques Based on Lactation Curves1

C.P. van Tassell, L.R. Jones, S.W. Eicker

Journal of Dairy Science > 1995 > 78 > 2 > 457-465

Test day data on milk yield for individual cows were generated using Monte Carlo simulation consisting of 1000 herds. Each herd contained 30 second lactation cows for each of 2 yr. Three scenarios were simulated with increasing effects of test day and seasonality. For each test day, several statistics were calculated for each cow: test day data on yield deviated from expectations, deviated test day...

article

Effect of Dietary Neutral Detergent Fiber Concentration and Forage Source on Performance of Lactating Cows1

T.M. Ruiz, E. Bernal, C.R. Staples, L.E. Sollenberger, more

Journal of Dairy Science > 1995 > 78 > 2 > 305-319

‘Mott’ dwarf elephantgrass, forage sorghum, ‘Tifton 81’ bermudagrass, and whole corn plant were stored as silage and fed as the only forage source in diets formulated to 31, 35, and 39% NDF. The 12 diets were fed for ad libitum intake as a TMR to midlactation Holstein cows, primarily to determine the effect of NDF concentration and forage source on DMI and milk production. Increased dietary NDF concentration...

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Three Methods to Validate the Estimation of Genetic Trend for Dairy Cattle

D. Boichard, B. Bonaiti, A. Barbat, S. Mattalia

Journal of Dairy Science > 1995 > 78 > 2 > 431-437

Three methods are proposed to validate the estimation of genetic trend for dairy cattle. With the first method, official evaluations, which are generally derived from a repeatability animal model applied to lactation records from several parities, are compared with evaluations based only on first parity to determine whether estimates of genetic trend are similar. With the second method, daughter yield...

article

Correlations Between First Lactation and Lifetime Performance Traits of Canadian Holsteins

L.K. Jairath, J.F. Hayes, R.I. Cue

Journal of Dairy Science > 1995 > 78 > 2 > 438-448

Data on 82,835 Holstein cows, daughters of 703 sires and with first calvings from 1979 to 1984 in 2384 herds enrolled in Quebec Dairy Herd Analysis Service, were analyzed for relationships of first lactation traits with traits for partial and total lifetime performance using multitrait REML methodology and a linear mixed model. Effects of herd-year-season, age at first calving, and proven sires were...

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Digestion and Energy Balance in Lactating Dairy Cows Fed Varying Ratios of Alfalfa Silage and Grain1

T.R. Dhiman, J. Kleinmans, N.J. Tessmann, H.D. Radloff, more

Journal of Dairy Science > 1995 > 78 > 2 > 330-341

Forty-four multiparous and 43 primiparous Holstein cows were used to study the effect of dietary alfalfa silage: grain ratio on digestion, passage of digesta, and energy balance in a complete lactation experiment. Cows were placed on one of five treatments with forage contents from 38.2 to 98.2% (DM basis) during the first 12 wk of lactation. Forage content was increased during wk 13 to 26 of lactation...

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Influence of Prepartum Protein and Energy Concentrations for Dairy Goats During Pregnancy and Early Lactation1

T. Sahlu, S.P. Hart, T. Le-Trong, Z. Jia, more

Journal of Dairy Science > 1995 > 78 > 2 > 378-387

Sixty-three multiparous Alpine does were blocked by pregnancy type (single vs. multiple) on d 90 of pregnancy and assigned to one of nine diets to evaluate the interaction of prepartum protein and energy intake on BW change, kidding, and subsequent production and composition of milk. Treatments were factorial with three percentages of CP (8.5, 11.5, and 14.5% of DM) and three concentrations of metabolizable...

article

Restricted Maximum Likelihood Estimation of Variance Components for Univariate Animal Models Using Sparse Matrix Techniques and Average Information

D.L. Johnson, R. Thompson

Journal of Dairy Science > 1995 > 78 > 2 > 449-456

An algorithm is described to estimate variance components for a univariate animal model using REML. Sparse matrix techniques are employed to calculate those elements of the inverse of the coefficient matrix required for the first derivatives of the likelihood. Residuals and fitted values for random effects can be used to derive additional right-hand sides for which the mixed model equations can be...

article

Performance of Lactating Dairy Cows Fed Either Alfalfa Silage or Alfalfa Hay as the Sole Forage1

Glen A. Broderick

Journal of Dairy Science > 1995 > 78 > 2 > 320-329

Alfalfa was harvested from alternate windrows as 40% DM silage or hay in small rectangular bales and fed in two 12-wk 4×4 Latin square trials, each with 20 multiparous lactating cows (4 with ruminal cannulas). Diets contained (DM basis) 69 (trial 1) or 66% (trial 2) alfalfa, 26 to 33% high moisture corn, 1.3% minerals and vitamins, and about 1.6 Mcal of NE _L /kg of DM. In trial 1, second-cutting...

article

Genetic Parameters for Common Health Disorders of Holstein Cows

H.A. Uribe, B.W. Kennedy, S.W. Martin, D.F. Kelton

Journal of Dairy Science > 1995 > 78 > 2 > 421-430

Observations on 7416 Canadian Holstein cows were examined to estimate genetic parameters for the most common diseases of dairy cows. Mastitis, ovarian cyst, ketosis, milk fever, abomasal displacement, and culling that is due to reproductive failure or leg problems were analyzed as binomial traits, assuming an underlying threshold model that included fixed and random effects. Sire and residual components...

article

Effects of Variable Sources of Distillers Dried Grains Plus Solubles on Milk Yield and Composition1

W.J. Powers, H.H. van horn, B. Harris, C.J. Wilcox

Journal of Dairy Science > 1995 > 78 > 2 > 388-396

This study compared diets supplemented with distillers dried grains plus solubles originating from whiskey distilling with those from fuel alcohol production or soybean meal. Forty-eight cows in mid and early lactation were offered a different dietary treatment in each of three 28-d periods. Dietary design included three supplements at 14 or 18% CP of dietary DM, with or without blood meal. Additionally,...

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Early Lactation Responses of Holstein Cows Fed a Rumen-Inert Fat Prepartum, Postpartum, or Both1

J.A. Salfer, J.G. Linn, D.E. Otterby, W.P. Hansen, more

Journal of Dairy Science > 1995 > 78 > 2 > 368-377

Primiparous (n = 22) and multiparous (n = 41) cows were randomly assigned by calving date and parity to one of four dietary sequences of supplemental fat from 14 d prepartum to 151 d postpartum. Partially hydrogenated tallow was added to diets at 0% prepartum and postpartum (control); 1% prepartum and 2% postpartum; 0% prepartum and 2% postpartum; and 0% prepartum, 0% from 1 to 34 d postpartum, and...

article

Milk Production and Intake of Lactating Cows Fed Grass Silage with Protein and Energy Supplements1

Hélène V. Petit, G.F. Tremblay

Journal of Dairy Science > 1995 > 78 > 2 > 353-361

Primiparous (n = 8) and multiparous (n = 24) Holstein cows averaging 591kg of BW (SE = 12) were allotted at 2 wk postpartum to eight blocks of 4 cows each on the basis of calving date and parity. Cows were fed timothy silage for ad libitum intake. The experiment was carried out between wk 4 and 15 of lactation. Cows within each block were assigned randomly to a concentrate containing soybean meal...

article

Effects of Staphylococcus aureus Toxins on the Growth of Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells (MAC-T) in Culture

B. Zavizion, A.J. Bramley, I. Politis, J. Gilmore, more

Journal of Dairy Science > 1995 > 78 > 2 > 277-284

The effects of Staphylococcus aureus M60 culture supernatant on growth of mammary epithelial cells were tested in vitro. Exposure of MAC-T cells to S. aureus culture supernatant reduced cell proliferation and colony-forming ability because of reduced ability to adhere to plastic. Growth-inhibiting effects of S. aureus culture supernatant were abolished by pretreatment with trypsin. Lysis of S. aureus...

article

Effect of Substituting Steam-Flaked Sorghum for Concentrate on Lactation and Digestion in Dairy Cows1

K.H. Chen, J.T. Huber, C.E. Theurer, J. Simas, more

Journal of Dairy Science > 1995 > 78 > 2 > 362-367

Thirty-five lactating cows (110 DIM), allotted to five dietary treatments for 70 d, were fed 0, 15, 30, or 45% of dietary DM as steam-flaked sorghum grain (360g/L) in place of equal amounts of a mixture (DM basis) of 40% steam-rolled corn, 13% rolled barley, 20% wheat mill run, and 27% ground beet pulp in four diets. Thinly flaked sorghum grain (283g/L) was also fed at 15% of dietary DM. The DMI tended...

article

Prediction of Milk Yields from Serum β-Lactoglobulin Concentrations in Pregnant Heifers1

Frank C. Mao, Robert D. Bremel

Journal of Dairy Science > 1995 > 78 > 2 > 291-295

The serum concentration of β-LG at wk 26 of pregnancy was determined in Holstein heifers of known genetic merit to evaluate use of a single blood sample as an index to predict their subsequent milk yield. Concentrations of β-LG varied widely (16 to 1200ng/ml) in the serum of the heifers at this stage of pregnancy. Subsequent measures of lactation performance showed that heifers with high β-LG concentrations...

INFONA - science communication portal

Journal of Dairy Science

Ruminal Fermentation and Digestion in Lactating Cows Fed Grass Silage with Protein and Energy Supplements1

Memorial: Glen Wade Salisbury

Factors Affecting the Denaturation and Aggregation of Whey Proteins in Heated Whey Protein Concentrate Mixtures1

Effects of an Escherichia coli J5 Vaccine on Mild Clinical Coliform Mastitis1

Regularity of Dairy Cow Feeding Behavior with Computer-Controlled Feeders1,2

Production Evaluation Techniques Based on Lactation Curves1

Effect of Dietary Neutral Detergent Fiber Concentration and Forage Source on Performance of Lactating Cows1

Three Methods to Validate the Estimation of Genetic Trend for Dairy Cattle

Correlations Between First Lactation and Lifetime Performance Traits of Canadian Holsteins

Digestion and Energy Balance in Lactating Dairy Cows Fed Varying Ratios of Alfalfa Silage and Grain1

Influence of Prepartum Protein and Energy Concentrations for Dairy Goats During Pregnancy and Early Lactation1

Restricted Maximum Likelihood Estimation of Variance Components for Univariate Animal Models Using Sparse Matrix Techniques and Average Information

Performance of Lactating Dairy Cows Fed Either Alfalfa Silage or Alfalfa Hay as the Sole Forage1

Genetic Parameters for Common Health Disorders of Holstein Cows

Effects of Variable Sources of Distillers Dried Grains Plus Solubles on Milk Yield and Composition1

Early Lactation Responses of Holstein Cows Fed a Rumen-Inert Fat Prepartum, Postpartum, or Both1

Milk Production and Intake of Lactating Cows Fed Grass Silage with Protein and Energy Supplements1

Effects of Staphylococcus aureus Toxins on the Growth of Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells (MAC-T) in Culture

Effect of Substituting Steam-Flaked Sorghum for Concentrate on Lactation and Digestion in Dairy Cows1

Prediction of Milk Yields from Serum β-Lactoglobulin Concentrations in Pregnant Heifers1

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