Global Ecology and Conservation

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Bird communities in sun and shade coffee farms in Kenya

C. Smith, D. Barton, M.D. Johnson, C. Wendt, more

Global Ecology and Conservation > 2015 > 4 > C > 479-490

Agricultural expansion to meet rising crop demand is one of the greatest threats to terrestrial biodiversity. Coffee, one of the most valuable trade items in tropical countries, can provide both economic livelihood and wildlife habitat. Previous work, conducted primarily on Neotropical coffee farms, indicates that birds are generally more abundant and diverse in farms with a canopy of shade trees,...

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Trends in a satellite-derived vegetation index and environmental variables in a restored brackish lagoon

Ji Yoon Kim, Gurdeep Rastogi, Yuno Do, Dong-Kyun Kim, more

Global Ecology and Conservation > 2015 > 4 > C > 614-624

We evaluated relative influence of climatic variables on the plant productivity after lagoon restoration. Chilika Lagoon, the largest brackish lake ecosystem in East Asia, experienced severe problems such as excessive dominance of freshwater exotic plants and rapid debasement of biodiversity associated with decreased hydrologic connectivity between the lagoon and the ocean. To halt the degradation...

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Fate of semi-natural grassland in England between 1960 and 2013: A test of national conservation policy

Lucy E. Ridding, John W. Redhead, Richard F. Pywell

Global Ecology and Conservation > 2015 > 4 > C > 516-525

It is well documented that significant losses in semi-natural grassland occurred across Europe during the second half of the twentieth century. However, comparatively few studies have investigated and quantified the fate of large numbers of individual grassland areas. This is important for understanding the causes of decline, and consequently establishing new policies to conserve and restore lost...

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Grizzly bear diet shifting on reclaimed mines

Bogdan Cristescu, Gordon B. Stenhouse, Mark S. Boyce

Global Ecology and Conservation > 2015 > 4 > C > 207-220

Industrial developments and reclamation change habitat, possibly altering large carnivore food base. We monitored the diet of a low-density population of grizzly bears occupying a landscape with open-pit coal mines in Canada. During 2009–2010 we instrumented 10 bears with GPS radiocollars and compared their feeding on reclaimed coal mines and neighboring Rocky Mountains and their foothills. In addition,...

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Parameter uncertainty analysis for simulating streamflow in a river catchment of Vietnam

Dao Nguyen Khoi, Vu Thi Thom

Global Ecology and Conservation > 2015 > 4 > C > 538-548

Hydrological models play vital roles in management of water resources. However, the calibration of the hydrological models is a large challenge because of the uncertainty involved in the large number of parameters. In this study, four uncertainty analysis methods, including Generalized Likelihood Uncertainty Estimation (GLUE), Parameter Solution (ParaSol), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), and Sequential...

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A modelling implementation of climate change on biodegradation of Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE) by Aspergillus niger in soil

Farzin Shabani, Lalit Kumar, Atefeh Esmaeili

Global Ecology and Conservation > 2015 > 4 > C > 388-398

Aim: To model the areas becoming and remaining highly suitable for Aspergillus niger growth over the next ninety years by future climate alteration, in relation to the species’ potential enhancement of Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) biodegradation in soil.Location: Global scaleMethods: Projections of A. niger growth suitability for 2030, 2050, 2070 and 2100 were made using the A2 emissions scenario...

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Effect of the recent land use on the plant diversity and community structure of Omayed Biosphere Reserve, Egypt

Dalia A. Ahmed, Manal Fawzy, Nouran M. Saeed, Mohamed A. Awad

Global Ecology and Conservation > 2015 > 4 > C > 26-37

The present study aims at describing and analysing the floristic composition and vegetation types, as well as determining the effect of recent land uses on the vegetation structure. It aims also at identifying the alien plants species and elucidating the impact of these species on the plant diversity and community structure of the study area. One hundred and ninety stands were selected monthly for...

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Multiple factors and thresholds explaining fish species distributions in lowland streams

Cristina Trigal, Erik Degerman

Global Ecology and Conservation > 2015 > 4 > C > 589-601

Appropriate restoration and conservation measures require a good understanding of the factors limiting the distribution of species, the presence of steep changes in the distribution along environmental gradients and the effect of environmental interactions on species distribution. We used 12 environmental variables describing connectivity, hydrology, climate and stream morphology, to model the distributions...

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Submarine canyons as coral and sponge habitat on the eastern Bering Sea slope

Robert J. Miller, Claudette Juska, John Hocevar

Global Ecology and Conservation > 2015 > 4 > C > 85-94

Submarine canyons have been shown to positively influence pelagic and benthic biodiversity and ecosystem function. In the eastern Bering Sea, several immense canyons lie under the highly productive “green belt” along the continental slope. Two of these, Pribilof and Zhemchug canyons, are the focus of current conservation interest. We used a maximum entropy modeling approach to evaluate the importance...

article

Global Ecology and Conservation

Richard T. Corlett

Global Ecology and Conservation > 2015 > 4 > C > 673

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Population dynamics parameters of narrow-barred Spanish mackerel, Scomberomorus commerson (Lacèpéde, 1800), from commercial catch in the northern Persian Gulf

Nassir Niamaimandi, Farhad Kaymaram, John P. Hoolihan, Gholam Hossien Mohammadi, more

Global Ecology and Conservation > 2015 > 4 > C > 666-672

Population dynamics parameters of Scomberomorus commerson in Bushehr area waters of Iran were analyzed between October 2011 and September 2012. Fork length frequencies were collected from the gill net commercial catch. Von Bertalanffy growth function was used to estimate growth parameters K and L∞. Instantaneous total mortality rate (Z), instantaneous natural mortality rate (M) and the instantaneous...

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How will fisheries management measures contribute towards the attainment of Good Environmental Status for the North Sea ecosystem?

Christopher Philip Lynam, Steven Mackinson

Global Ecology and Conservation > 2015 > 4 > C > 160-175

European fisheries management have adopted maximum sustainable yield (MSY) targets for fishing mortality on commercial species to maximise the provision of food. EU member states are also committed to reach Good Environmental Status by 2020 through the Marine Strategy Framework Directive which aims to protect all ecosystem services. So, how will fisheries management measures contribute to ecosystem...

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Tourism-induced disturbance of wildlife in protected areas: A case study of free ranging elephants in Sri Lanka

Eranga Ranaweerage, Ashoka D.G. Ranjeewa, Koun Sugimoto

Global Ecology and Conservation > 2015 > 4 > C > 625-631

Tourism-induced disturbance is a growing concern in wildlife conservation worldwide. This case study in a key protected area in Sri Lanka, examined the behavioral changes of Asian elephants in the context of elephant watching tourism activities. Observations of different age–sex-group classes of elephants were conducted focusing on the feeding activity of elephants in the presence vs. absence of tourists...

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Species composition, diversity and stratification in subtropical evergreen broadleaf forests along a latitudinal thermal gradient in the Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan

S.M. Feroz, Md. Enamul Kabir, Akio Hagihara

Global Ecology and Conservation > 2015 > 4 > C > 63-72

A well-developed evergreen broadleaf forest exists in the northern part of Okinawa and in the central part of the Ishigaki Islands in the Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan. All woody plants were identified to species level and their heights and diameters were measured in a 750m2 plot in Okinawa and a 400m2 plot in the Ishigaki Islands. Species overlap, dominance, diversity, multi-strata structure, and spatial...

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A probabilistic scenario approach for developing improved Reduced Emissions from Deforestation and Degradation (REDD+) baselines

Malika Virah-Sawmy, Jakub Stoklosa, Johannes Ebeling

Global Ecology and Conservation > 2015 > 4 > C > 602-613

Performance-based payments are widely seen as a promising tool for Reduced Emissions from Deforestation and forest Degradation (REDD+) in tropical forests. Despite great advances in international REDD+ negotiations, there is a lack of consensus around the development of business-as-usual (BAU) reference scenarios or baselines to derive and quantify net carbon emission reductions. In this paper, we...

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Measuring the effectiveness of conservation programs for shrubland birds

Scott Schlossberg, David I. King

Global Ecology and Conservation > 2015 > 4 > C > 658-665

Disturbance-dependent habitats such as grasslands and shrublands are declining in many regions. To mitigate these declines, government agencies are using anthropogenic disturbances like logging and mowing to mimic natural ones. Because these programs can be costly or controversial, measuring their effectiveness is important. Here, we evaluate the conservation effectiveness of shrubland management...

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The demography of Atelopus decline: Harlequin frog survival and abundance in central Panama prior to and during a disease outbreak

Rebecca McCaffery, Corinne L. Richards-Zawacki, Karen R. Lips

Global Ecology and Conservation > 2015 > 4 > C > 232-242

Harlequin frogs (Bufonidae: Atelopus) are a species-rich genus of Neotropical toads that have experienced disproportionately severe population declines and extinctions caused by the amphibian chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd). The genus Atelopus is of high conservation concern, but relatively little is known about the population dynamics and life history of the majority of species...

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Distribution, biomass and local importance of tamarind trees in south-western Madagascar

Tahiry Ranaivoson, Katja Brinkmann, Bakolimalala Rakouth, Andreas Buerkert

Global Ecology and Conservation > 2015 > 4 > C > 14-25

The multipurpose tamarind (Tamarindus indica L.) tree is important for people’s livelihood and considered as sacred in the Mahafaly region of south-western Madagascar. However, the ongoing overexploitation of this species has caused a decline of tamarind trees. In this study, the species distribution, changes in tamarind biomass and the role of traditional taboos for the conservation of this species...

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Vegetated fauna overpass enhances habitat connectivity for forest dwelling herpetofauna

Mel E. McGregor, Steve K. Wilson, Darryl N. Jones

Global Ecology and Conservation > 2015 > 4 > C > 221-231

The ecological impact of roads and traffic is now widely acknowledged, with a variety of mitigation strategies such as purpose designed fauna underpasses and overpasses commonly installed to facilitate animal movement. Despite often being designed for larger mammals, crossing structures appear to enable safe crossings for a range of smaller, ground dwelling species that exhibit high vulnerability...

article

Ecosystems and indigenous well-being: An integrated framework

Kamaljit K. Sangha, Andrew Le Brocque, Robert Costanza, Yvonne Cadet-James

Global Ecology and Conservation > 2015 > 4 > C > 197-206

In Australia, role of natural resources in Indigenous well-being is completely ignored to date which further leads to inappropriate and ineffective well-being policies. This research addresses the need to develop an appropriate indigenous well-being approach that incorporates indigenous values in relation to natural systems. It focuses on Indigenous people in Australia and examines the available well-being...

INFONA - science communication portal

Global Ecology and Conservation

Bird communities in sun and shade coffee farms in Kenya

Trends in a satellite-derived vegetation index and environmental variables in a restored brackish lagoon

Fate of semi-natural grassland in England between 1960 and 2013: A test of national conservation policy

Grizzly bear diet shifting on reclaimed mines

Parameter uncertainty analysis for simulating streamflow in a river catchment of Vietnam

A modelling implementation of climate change on biodegradation of Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE) by Aspergillus niger in soil

Effect of the recent land use on the plant diversity and community structure of Omayed Biosphere Reserve, Egypt

Multiple factors and thresholds explaining fish species distributions in lowland streams

Submarine canyons as coral and sponge habitat on the eastern Bering Sea slope

Global Ecology and Conservation

Population dynamics parameters of narrow-barred Spanish mackerel, Scomberomorus commerson (Lacèpéde, 1800), from commercial catch in the northern Persian Gulf

How will fisheries management measures contribute towards the attainment of Good Environmental Status for the North Sea ecosystem?

Tourism-induced disturbance of wildlife in protected areas: A case study of free ranging elephants in Sri Lanka

Species composition, diversity and stratification in subtropical evergreen broadleaf forests along a latitudinal thermal gradient in the Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan

A probabilistic scenario approach for developing improved Reduced Emissions from Deforestation and Degradation (REDD+) baselines

Measuring the effectiveness of conservation programs for shrubland birds

The demography of Atelopus decline: Harlequin frog survival and abundance in central Panama prior to and during a disease outbreak

Distribution, biomass and local importance of tamarind trees in south-western Madagascar

Vegetated fauna overpass enhances habitat connectivity for forest dwelling herpetofauna

Ecosystems and indigenous well-being: An integrated framework

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