The effect of polymer structure on the conductivity of poly(styrene-co-4-vinylpyridine halides) was investigated using impedance spectroscopy. The conductivity of copolymer at constant temperature increases with the weakening of the electronegativity of anion and with the increase in anion size. Copolymers with iodine attached to the pyridine rings have a lower conductivity than hydrogen copolymers, while the introduction of the butyl group on the nitrogen atom increased the conductivity of copolymer. The highest conductivity was recorded for poly{styrene-co-[4-vinyl(N-butylpyridinium diiodobromide)]}--(10), at 40°C it reaches the value of 8.6 10 - 8 Ω - 1 cm - 1 . Further increase in conductivity was observed with the exclusion of phenyl rings from polymer matrices. At 40°C, poly[4-vinyl(N-butylpyridinium iodide)] has a conductivity (1.3 10 - 8 Ω - 1 cm - 1 ) which is higher than its copolymer analog by almost two orders of magnitude (7, σ = 1.7 10 - 1 0 Ω - 1 cm - 1 ). It was found that dry polymers conduct predominantly electronically, while water incorporation in samples changes them in ionic conductors. Considering the effect of polymer structure on conductivity we suggested that electrons in dry poly(4-vinylpyridinium halides) conduct by hopping across the anion part of the polymer. It was observed that water presence in the atmosphere greatly affected the increase of the conductivity, and was dependent on polymer structure.