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The growth and annealing behaviors of ultrathin Ni films on Co(0001) surface were studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Different growth modes were found at room and elevated temperatures. Subsequent heating of deposited-at-room-temperature nickel layers causes diffusion of nickel into the cobalt substrate, leading to the formation of surface alloy.
The temperature dependencies (T = 200 850 K, P ≤ 0.1 MPa) of viscosity (η) and second virial coefficient (B) of five heavy globular gases (CF 4 , SF 6 , MoF 6 , UF 6 and WF 6 ) and the five mixtures (CH 4 -CF 4 , CH 4 -SF 6 , CF 4 -SF 6 , MoF 6 -UF 6 and WF 6 -UF 6 ) are reported...
The Huygen's wavelet approach is used to demonstrate how a rough interface becomes progressively rougher as it propagates when the velocity of motion is an increasing function of distance. The general theory is reviewed and a specific example, with velocity a linear function of distance, is solved analytically to illustrate the method.
A Facing Target Sputtering (FTS) technique with a configuration consisting of two sets of vertically parallel facing targets and a substrate holder mounted perpendicular to the target planes has been designed and fabricated. This system is capable of producing thin multilayer films as well as alloy films. The discharge characteristics of the FTS system when de power is applied is analysed and the...
The capacities of a new 'all-dry' resist system for in situ microstructuring have been investigated. The system consists of a 1000 nm thick vacuum deposited polymer (polyimide) layer and a 40 nm thick E-beam evaporated carbide (TiC or B 4 C) film. The bilayer system is patterned in situ in two stages. The microstructuring of the carbide film is carried out by a single pulse excimer laser exposure...
Thin films of LaSi 2-x , prepared by solid phase reaction of La with Si substrates in vacuum, have been studied using X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy. Their electrical resistivity was measured as a function of temperature from 1.6 to 300 K. The LaSi 2-x layers were found to be metallic with a superconductive transition at 2-5 K.
Radio-frequency (13.56 MHz) excited SiH 4 plasma is produced with an electrode of a ladder-shaped antenna with rotating magnetic fields. The negative self-bias potential on the electrode, the SiH emission intensity and the deposition rate of a-Si:H films prepared on glass substrates are examined as a function of RF power for different rotating magnetic fields. It is found that when the rotating...
Ultrathin polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) films with a width of 17-59.5 nm have been prepared for X-ray resist by Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) technique on a trough using a steady laminar flowing subphase for monolayer compression. Using a synchrotron radiation (SR) lithography system as an exposure tool, patterns with 0.2 μm critical dimensions have been obtained, limited to the mask used.
There is considered interest among experimenters and theorists in the study of the electrical conductivity σ in structurally disordered state as a function of various external factors: structure, composition, temperature, effect of illumination and the effect of chemical bonding on the physical behaviour of the investigated amorphous thin films Se 0.75 Ge 0.2 ...
The optical constants n and k of Al-40 wt% Zn alloy thin films deposited at room temperature were calculated using a transmission spectrum in the wavelength range from 2.5 to 20 μm. The thickness of the films ranged from 10 to 85 nm. The investigated samples were aged at 373 K and 473 K for 1 h and some micro-characteristics of Al-Zn alloy films such as the free charge concentration N, the relaxation...
There is some interesting physics in how the liquid-metal ion source (LMIS) works. This short review describes our current understanding, covering the following topics. Distinction between the real Taylor-Gilbert cone and Taylor's mathematical cone. Thermodynamic origin of the pressure-difference formula. Shape of an operating LMIS: the cusp-on-a-cone as expected shape and as an electrically driven...
In the pulsed laser-material interaction with the pulse-repetition rate, v, in the KHz range, and the scan velocity v 25.4-127 mm/s (1-5 /S), the morphology of the laser trace changes drastically. The trace morphology arises from few simultaneous processes: material vaporization and crater formation with surface hydrodynamic flow. Depending on v and v, the crater form changes from circular to...
The structural, optical and dielectric properties of barium titanate thin films deposited on water-cooled substrates by RF sputtering in Ar (99.99%) were investigated. Optically thin and thick films for the visible spectral region were studied.From the investigations it is concluded that there are at least two crystalline phases in addition to amorphous barium titanate in the deposited coatings, and...
This paper reports results of a study of structural and mechanical changes in layers of hypereutectic cast Al-Si alloys as results electron beam remelting and alloying with Fe-Cr powders and followed by electron beam remelting.
Plasma-polymerized layers were obtained from hexamethyldisiloxane (HMDSO) in a parallel plate diode operated at 400 V 50 Hz and at a current density of 3.0 mA/cm 2 with a gas pressure of 133 Pa in a dynamic type system. The polymers were used as humidity sensors and to increase their sensitivity the polymer was modified in an ammonia plasma. An SEM study was made of the polymer layer to fix...
A software package for the simulation of neutron activation spectra has been developed. The simulation of the 14 MeV neutron activation gamma my spectra has been carried out both for cyclic and conventional modes. The simulation allows the prediction of the optimum parameters for a low level of detection. The parameters are irradiation, counting and decay times. The simulation was based on an accurate...
Nearly stoichiometric dense Ti-N coatings with high microhardness and good adhesion on V2A substrates were deposited by reactive arc evaporation. Substantial reduction of the size and surface number density of macroparticle inclusions, deleterious for some thin film applications, was achieved by magnetic arc steering (using two low power consuming electromagnets) and by precise optimization of the...
The last decade was characterised by the introduction of PVD coated cutting tools, which presently take a large share of the cuffing tool market. Recently, in contrast to predictions, TiC-based cermets appeared on the market exhibiting cutting behaviour which makes them competitive with coated WC-based hardmetals. The present paper discusses the results of a study devoted to understanding wear mechanisms...
A two-dimensional axisymmetrical steady-state base thermal model is developed for electron beam (EB) melting and refining. A computer simulation is carried out, according to the proposed model, for various powers of EB heat source. Temperature distributions and heat flows in a cylindrical copper ingot, confined in a copper water-cooled crucible are calculated. The calculated and experimental observed...
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