Glucose analogues 6, 12, 17b, 19a, and 19b of E5564 were synthesized, and their LPS-antagonistic activities were measured. The antagonistic activities (IC 50 ) on LPS-induced TNFα production of these five compounds toward human whole blood were 72.8, 3.0, 0.9, 7.5, and 1.4nM, respectively. Inhibitory doses (ID 50 ) of compounds 12, 17b, 19a, and 19b on TNFα production induced by co-injection of galactosamine and LPS in C3H/HeN mice in vivo were measured. The values of these compounds were 0.9, ND (not determined), 1.6, and 0.9mg/kg, respectively.