Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science

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Three-Dimensionality of Oscillatory Flow in a Two-Dimensional Symmetric Sinusoidal Wavy-Walled Channel

T. Nishimura, Y. Kawamura

Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science > 1995 > 10 > 1 > 62-73

Oscillatory flow in a two-dimensional symmetric sinusoidal wavy-walled channel is investigated experimentally in a wide range of flow parameters. Attention is focused on the transition from a two-dimensional to a three-dimensional flow. The critical Reynolds number for the transition to three-dimensional flow varies with the Strouhal number for the forced oscillation, and this value is lowest in...

article

A Multiposition Hot-Wire Technique for the Study of Swirling Flows in Vortex Chambers

A. Fitouri, M. K. Khan, H. H. Bruun

Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science > 1995 > 10 > 1 > 142-151

A multiposition single-slant hot-wire probe technique for the study of a three-dimensional confined vortex flow is described. Most of the previously reported observations of confined swirling flows were obtained by flow visualization or by using relatively large pressure probes. However, swirling flows are extremely sensitive to disturbances created by such probes. In addition, when such probes...

article

Heat Transfer to Boiling Liquids in a Single Vertical Tube Thermosiphon Reboiler

M. Kamil, H. Ali, S. S. Alam

Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science > 1995 > 10 > 1 > 44-53

An experimental investigation of heat transfer to boiling liquids has been carried out on a single tube natural circulation reboiler. Experiments were performed with distilled water, methanol, benzene, toluene, and ethylene glycol to cover a wide range of boiling points and thermophysical properties. The heat transfer section consisted of an electrically heated stainless steel tube 25.56 mm I.D...

article

Fluorescent Paint for Measurement of Heat Transfer in Shock - Turbulent Boundary Layer Interaction

Tianshu Liu, Bryan T. Campbell, John P. Sullivan

Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science > 1995 > 10 > 1 > 101-112

The principles of the fluorescent paint technique for surface heat transfer measurement are presented. This technique allows determination of the heat transfer from a surface with good accuracy and high spatial resolution. To examine the capabilities of this technique, the temperature-sensitive paint is used to visualize and measure heat transfer in several typical shock-turbulent boundary layer...

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Development of a Two-Dimensional Liquid Species Concentration Measurement Technique Based on Absorptiometry

J. Mihailovic, C. Beckermann

Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science > 1995 > 10 > 1 > 113-123

A nonintrusive optical technique is developed for species concentration measurements in liquid solutions. The technique is based on absorptiometry and uses digital image analysis to measure quantitatively two-dimensional concentration distributions. The apparatus and calibration procedures are described in detail, and the accuracy and resolution are established in uniform concentration and one-dimensional...

article

High-Speed Real-Time Processing of Cross-Wire Data

Jonathan H. Watmuff

Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science > 1995 > 10 > 1 > 74-85

A method is described for processing cross-wire data at high speed in real time. The basis for the high speed is the assumption of simple cosine cooling for the heat transfer because the expression for the effective cooling velocity is reduced to a linear function of the applied velocity components. The calibration inversion is greatly simplified because the measurements are linearly dependent on...

article

Heat Transfer from a Rotating Cylinder in Crossflow

A. K. Mohanty, A. A. Tawfek, B. V. S. S. S. Prasad

Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science > 1995 > 10 > 1 > 54-61

Local heat transfer measurements have been made on cylinders with length-to-diameter ratios varying from 3.80 to 6.50 under rotating condition with superimposed crossflow. Three-wire heat flux sensors have been used in conjunction with a slip-ring apparatus for making the measurements. The rotational speed varied from 25 to 1400 rpm. The maximum values of rotational and crossflow Reynolds numbers...

article

Laser Speckle Photography in Heat Transfer Studies

Zeng-Yuan Guo, Yao-Zu Song, Zhi-Xin Li

Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science > 1995 > 10 > 1 > 1-16

Laser speckle photography, as a technique making use of the displacement of optical speckle by refraction as an information carrier, has recently been used to measure fluid density, temperature, and heat transfer. The concept of laser speckle photography and the principles of measuring the temperature gradient field are briefly described, including the formation of laser speckle and its displacement,...

article

A Practical Solution to the Problem of Noise and Vibration in a Pressure-Reducing Valve

A. Amini, I. Owen

Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science > 1995 > 10 > 1 > 136-141

The mechanical vibration that is occasionally found in gas pressure reducing valves can be eliminated by careful design of the valve plug and seat. A pressure-reducing valve was found to be excessively noisy, producing a sound pressure level of 117 dB when throttling air at an inlet-to-outlet pressure ratio of 15; as a result the valve suffered wear and vibration damage. By changing the design of...

article

Heat and Flow Characteristics of Packed Beds

E. Achenbach

Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science > 1995 > 10 > 1 > 17-27

The state of the art is presented for the heat and flow characteristics of packed beds under conditions where radiant heat transfer may be neglected. Equations for the prediction of convective heat transfer, pressure drop, effective thermal conductivity, and wall heat transfer are recommended. New experimental data of heat transfer and pressure drop that exceed the previous Reynolds number range by...

article

Toward Understanding Galloping: Near-Wake Study of Oscillating Smooth and Stranded Circular Cylinders in Forced Motion

R. Zdero, Ö. F. Turan, D. G. Havard

Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science > 1995 > 10 > 1 > 28-43

Low-frequency high-amplitude oscillation of electrical transmission lines, known as galloping, usually occurs after freezing-rain storms due to ice accretion on the conductors. The resulting damage to transmission lines and the associated service costs prompted the present study. Comparison of oscillating stranded and unstranded circular cylinders is made in investigating the effects of stranding,...

article

Intake-Port Flow Behavior in a Motored and Fired Two-Stroke Research Engine

Behrouz Chehroudi, David Schuh

Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science > 1995 > 10 > 1 > 86-100

Velocity information was collected from an intake port of a single-cylinder piston-ported two-stroke engine by a laser-Doppler velocimetric (LDV) system to better understand and quantify the behavior of intake flow exiting into the cylinder during the scavenging process. Ten measurement locations were chosen along a vertical line through the center of the port exit area. Motored, fired (skipfired),...

article

Experimental Simulations and Heat Transfer Parameter Measurements of Film Condensation on a Rotating Flat Plate

Homam M. Al-Baroudi, Andrew C. Klein

Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science > 1995 > 10 > 1 > 124-135

A rotating flat-plate condensation experiment has been developed to investigate the heat transfer characteristics of a rotating flat-plate radiator. The condensing surface is cooled to simulate the rejection of heat to a cold surface. The working fluid is superheated steam. The results obtained include relationships between the overall heat transfer coefficient and the temperature difference between...

article

An Augmented Young-Laplace Model of an Evaporating Meniscus in a Microchannel with High Heat Flux

J. A. Schonberg, S. DasGupta, P. C. Wayner

Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science > 1995 > 10 > 2 > 163-170

High flux evaporation from a steady meniscus formed in a 2-μm channel is modeled using the augmented Young-Laplace equation. The heat flux is found to be a function of the long-range van der Waals dispersion force that represents interfacial conditions between heptane and various substrates. Heat fluxes of (1.3-1.6) 10 ⁶ W/m ² based on the width of the channel are obtained for...

article

Experimental Investigation of Highly Effective Plate-Fin Heat Exchanger Surfaces

E. V. Dubrovsky

Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science > 1995 > 10 > 2 > 200-220

Results are presented of an experimental investigation of a new convective rational heat transfer augmentation law in plate-fin heat exchanger surfaces. This law is characterized by Nu/Nu _s _m ≥ ξ/ξ _s _m by comparing channels (heat transfer surfaces) with vortex promoters with similar smooth channels at equal Reynolds numbers. For experimental confirmation and investigation...

article

Thermal Contact Conductance Under Low Applied Load in a Vacuum Environment

Koichi Nishino, Shigemasa Yamashita, Kahoru Torii

Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science > 1995 > 10 > 2 > 258-271

The thermal contact conductance in a vacuum environment under low applied load was studied with square test plates (100 100 mm) made of aluminum alloy (A6061 and A5052). Two kinds of contact geometries were examined: the contact between a practically flat rough surface and an approximately spherical one, and the contact of similarly flat rough surfaces. Heat transfer experiments were carried...

article

Heat Transfer and Flow Friction in Perforated Plate Heat Exchangers

Michael J. Nilles, Myron E. Calkins, Michael L. Dingus, John B. Hendricks

Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science > 1995 > 10 > 2 > 238-247

An introduction to the design, fabrication, and use of perforated plate heat exchangers is presented. Emphasis is placed on the numerical solution of the heat exchange equations, and methods are given for determining the characteristics of the perforated plate heat exchanger required for a given application directly from the parameters of the application, the properties of the perforated plate matrix...

article

Flow and Heat Transfer in Compact Louvered Fin Surfaces

T. A. Cowell, M. R. Heikal, A. Achaichia

Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science > 1995 > 10 > 2 > 192-199

This paper presents an overview of the operating mechanisms of multi-louvered fin heat transfer surfaces. The performance of these surfaces is compared with that of other compact enhanced surfaces, and it is shown that they have the potential to compete in applications where overall size, weight, and pumping power are important. It is explained how their potential for any particular application...

article

Experimental and Numerical Analysis of Convective Heat Transfer in Turbulent Channel Flow with Square and Circular Columns

Xin Zhang, Jan Stasiek, Michael W. Collins

Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science > 1995 > 10 > 2 > 229-237

Convective heat transfer induced by square and circular columns in turbulent channel flow was studied by liquid crystal thermography and computational fluid dynamics and heat transfer. The experiment was performed in a specially designed tunnel with a cooling water chamber attached to the working section. The numerical analysis was carried out by solving the governing equations for fluid flow and...

article

Thermal Design of a Hydrogen Heater for an Air Turboramjet Engine

Nobuhiro Tanatsugu, Masahito Oguma, Tomoaki Mizutani, Toshikazu Yano

Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science > 1995 > 10 > 2 > 248-257

A compact heat exchanger has been designed for an air turboramjet engine proposed for future spacecraft. Hydrogen fuel is heated by the combustion gas of the engine at the heat exchanger. The heat exchanger, called a hydrogen heater when used in an aircraft, has to be compact so that when it is set in an engine duct to enhance heat transfer it will cause a small increase in the pressure loss of...

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Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science

Three-Dimensionality of Oscillatory Flow in a Two-Dimensional Symmetric Sinusoidal Wavy-Walled Channel

A Multiposition Hot-Wire Technique for the Study of Swirling Flows in Vortex Chambers

Heat Transfer to Boiling Liquids in a Single Vertical Tube Thermosiphon Reboiler

Fluorescent Paint for Measurement of Heat Transfer in Shock - Turbulent Boundary Layer Interaction

Development of a Two-Dimensional Liquid Species Concentration Measurement Technique Based on Absorptiometry

High-Speed Real-Time Processing of Cross-Wire Data

Heat Transfer from a Rotating Cylinder in Crossflow

Laser Speckle Photography in Heat Transfer Studies

A Practical Solution to the Problem of Noise and Vibration in a Pressure-Reducing Valve

Heat and Flow Characteristics of Packed Beds

Toward Understanding Galloping: Near-Wake Study of Oscillating Smooth and Stranded Circular Cylinders in Forced Motion

Intake-Port Flow Behavior in a Motored and Fired Two-Stroke Research Engine

Experimental Simulations and Heat Transfer Parameter Measurements of Film Condensation on a Rotating Flat Plate

An Augmented Young-Laplace Model of an Evaporating Meniscus in a Microchannel with High Heat Flux

Experimental Investigation of Highly Effective Plate-Fin Heat Exchanger Surfaces

Thermal Contact Conductance Under Low Applied Load in a Vacuum Environment

Heat Transfer and Flow Friction in Perforated Plate Heat Exchangers

Flow and Heat Transfer in Compact Louvered Fin Surfaces

Experimental and Numerical Analysis of Convective Heat Transfer in Turbulent Channel Flow with Square and Circular Columns

Thermal Design of a Hydrogen Heater for an Air Turboramjet Engine

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