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The combined impacts of modified nitrogen (N) fertilizers and water saving irrigation (WSI) on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and grain yield of rice paddies have not previously been documented. GHG emissions from rice paddies under modified N fertilizers and WSI deserve attention because water and N are being used extensively to attain higher grain yield. A field experiment was conducted to evaluate...
Stabilization of dispersive soils is of great importance and has been looked into in various studies across the globe. In this study, the biological soil stabilization as a novel method has been investigated. In order to improve the erodibility resistance of dispersive soil samples, the bacteria Bacillus sphaericus has been employed. In this research, we focus on the improvements induced in dispersive...
•A high degree of multicollinearity existed between many of the physiochemical parameters•Poorly-crystalline iron (Feo) and pH were consistently strong driver of net N mineralization rate.•The influence of Feo and pH exceeded total C and climatic variables, but was less than total N.•The inclusion of pedogenic iron fractions improved explained variance over models without iron.
Deforestation and conversion to crop land and pasture in tropical regions has important effects on hydrological processes including increased flooding and reduced drought flows. We investigated: 1) differences in soil characteristics between four tropical land uses (forest, coffee, sugar cane and pasture), and 2) how hydrological processes differ between these four land uses. We measured bulk density,...
Tree bark represents a substantial component of coarse woody debris (CWD) in boreal forests. Estimating its decay rates improves our understanding of decomposition processes of woody debris and their effects on the forest carbon cycle. The atmospheric deposition of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) from aerosols and gases has notably grown during the last century. We examined the effect of mineral N...
Palygorskite has been identified as a major constituent of the clay fraction in carbonate soils of arid and semi-arid regions. This fibrous clay has a great significance as a paleoclimatic indicator and is of fundamental importance for a more complete understanding of conditions under which petrocalcic horizons and groundwater carbonates precipitate. The present study was undertaken in order to evaluate...
Soils of Páramo ecosystems regulate the water supply to many Andean populations. In spite of being a necessary input to distributed hydrological models, regionalized soil water retention data from these areas are currently not available. The investigated catchment of the Quinuas River has a size of about 90km2 and comprises parts of the Cajas National Park in southern Ecuador. It is dominated by soils...
Oil incorporated plant residues are an important source of carbon inputs and its decomposition defines magnitudes of many soil processes. While soil properties, especially soil moisture levels, influence decomposition rates, the moisture level of plant residue itself can differ from that of the surrounding soil due to the so called “sponge effect”-water absorption by plant residue from the surrounding...
Phenol oxidases (POs) are a group of soil extracellular oxidoreductase enzymes, which are involved in oxidative processes related to nutrient cycling. This class of enzymes has multiple functions at both the organism and ecosystem level and can trigger either positive or negative feedback loops between soil organisms and soil organic matter.The purpose of this study was to evaluate: (i) whether PO...
There is a paucity of knowledge in understanding the effects of warming and grazing on soil microbes and their active counterparts, especially on the Tibetan Plateau which is extremely sensitive to global warming and human activities. A six-year field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of asymmetric warming and moderate grazing on total and active soil microbes in a Tibetan Kobresia...
Sandification is becoming a serious threat to the sustainability of human habitation. The potential of remote sensing in sandy land detection has been previously demonstrated, but transitional sandy land is difficult to detect because of vegetation cover. The aim of this study, therefore, was to propose methods for sandy land detection based on mixed pixel decomposition and soil particle composition...
Thermogravimetry is a technique measuring mass change during programmed heating. In soil analysis, it is used for determination of content of volatile fractions, thermally labile and stable fractions of soil organic matter and minerals. One method of data analysis uses the determination of mass losses in 10°C temperature areas. In the past, their mutual correlation revealed several larger temperature...
In recent years, Compound Specific Stable Isotope (CSSI) techniques have enabled promising new tracers to track land-use-specific sediment sources. However, empirical data exploring the technique, particularly under controlled conditions, is still scarce. Hence, the main goal of this study is to explore the suitability of CSSI to identify sediment sources under different land use in the small agricultural...
While previous studies have shown the influence of various biochars on the fate and transport of herbicides in soil, little information exists on the effects of bonechar. The aim of this research was to evaluate the effect of cow bonechar amendments on the sorption-desorption and leaching of aminocyclopyrachlor and mesotrione in a tropical soil. Soil was amended with bonechar at rates of 0 (control),...
One of the first soil forming processes in marine and fluviatile clay soils is ripening, the irreversible change of physical and chemical soil properties, especially consistency, under influence of air. We used Bayesian binomial logistic regression (BBLR) to update the map showing unripened subsoils for a reclamation area in the west of The Netherlands. Similar to conventional binomial logistic regression...
Agricultural productivity depends on the use of phosphorus (P) of which not only the topsoil, but also the subsoil, can hold immense stocks. To assess their importance for plant nutrition, we compared the P status of Stagnic Cambisol profiles in experimental plots that received different P fertilizer applications for 16years. Sequential fractionation was combined with P K-edge X-ray absorption near...
Fragipan horizons are naturally occurring impermeable layers found in certain soil types which constrain crop yields. While abundant literature exists regarding the processes of fragipan genesis, there is little recognition given to potential alterations in the pan with surface management, particularly important in light of the fact that these horizons can occur near the surface. We collected soil...
Crop yield response to nitrogen (N) application has been well documented, but quantitatively tracing the distribution of exogenous straw derived N (straw-N) in a soil-plant system amended by plastic film mulching and fertilizers is poorly understood. Focus on this, we used a 15N tracer, applied as maize straw, into a monoculture maize field experiment in China to quantify the distribution of straw-N...
In order to differentiate the effects of root functioning and aboveground litter inputs on soil bacterial communities, a pot experiment was designed using different combinations of three plant species with contrasting chemical characteristics (0, 1, 2 or 3 species per plot) grown with or without aboveground litter inputs from the same plant species (no litter, litter from 1 of the species, or litter...
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