A novel robust control scheme is proposed to realize anti-synchronization of two different hyperchaotic systems with external uncertainties. By introducing a compensator, the novel robust control scheme is developed based on nonlinear control and adaptive control, which can eliminate the influence of uncertainties effectively and achieve adaptive anti-synchronization of the two different hyperchaotic systems globally and asymptotically with an arbitrarily small error bound. The adaptive laws of the unknown parameters are given, and the sufficient conditions are derived as well. Finally, numerical simulations are provided to verify the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed control scheme.