This paper describes an experimental study on the temperature-dependent tribological behavior and oxidation of a carbon-carbon (C/C) composite material sliding against itself in ambient air up to 1800°C. Tribological experiments were conducted with a ring-on-ring type of apparatus using a wide range of load and speed conditions. As the specimen temperature gradually increased with frictional heating, the friction of C/C composites experienced two abrupt increases at 150-200°C and 650-700°C. The two transition temperatures divided the friction and wear of C/C composites in ambient air into three temperature-dependent regimes: the normal wear, the water-desorption dusting wear, and the oxygen-desorption dusting wear regimes. The friction and wear also depended on the load and speed conditions. In addition to the wear loss at the rubbing surface, the oxidation loss at the exterior of the specimen also contributed to the weight loss of the specimen, especially at elevated temperatures. The linear wear of C/C specimens amounted to less than 2% of the total weight loss when the maximum specimen temperature exceeded the failure temperature of the oxidation-inhibitor. The effect of specimen geometry on the wear and oxidation at the rubbing surface is also discussed.