The Infona portal uses cookies, i.e. strings of text saved by a browser on the user's device. The portal can access those files and use them to remember the user's data, such as their chosen settings (screen view, interface language, etc.), or their login data. By using the Infona portal the user accepts automatic saving and using this information for portal operation purposes. More information on the subject can be found in the Privacy Policy and Terms of Service. By closing this window the user confirms that they have read the information on cookie usage, and they accept the privacy policy and the way cookies are used by the portal. You can change the cookie settings in your browser.
Geographers have long used historical data and artifacts to reconstruct past landscapes. Many of the same data can provide powerful tools for dating stream processes over the past century or so but applications can range from months to millennia. Historical techniques are important not only to mainstream geomorphological investigations but also to fluvial applications in environmental management....
The effects of burning on runoff and soil erosion from scrub-bearing hillslopes in northwest Spain were investigated by monitoring of experimental plots over a 4-year period. At the beginning of this period, two plots (BP1 and BP2) were subjected to low-intensity controlled burns, and two plots left as controls; in the year following the controlled burns, however, one of the control plots (plot WF)...
Despite the speed and accuracy of particle size distribution measurement by optical laser diffraction instruments, the dispersion of the sample, especially of soil aggregates, remains time-consuming. The Malvern Instruments obscuration measurement was used to calculate the dispersion ratio as an indicator of soil disaggregation. It enabled rapid and direct comparison between measurements made using...
The biancana landscapes, rather common in several Italian areas, have a very complex morphology. Different geomorphic features often occur along the same hillslope. From a morphological survey of an experimental site in southern Tuscany, the forms were classified, and their distribution analysed. Spatial analysis of the biancane provided insights into the range of forces responsible for their formation...
Evaluation of various soil erosion models with large data sets have consistently shown that these models tend to over-predict soil erosion for small measured values, and under-predict soil erosion for larger measured values. This trend appears to be consistent regardless of whether the soil erosion value of interest is for individual storms, annual totals, or average annual soil losses, and regardless...
Some earlier studies of erosion of the schist-dominated waste rock dump of Ranger Uranium Mine, Northern Territory, Australia, used turbidity as a surrogate for sediment concentration. Subsequent detailed studies of the turbidity-sediment concentration relation for a number of sites on the waste rock dump, reported in this paper, demonstrate that turbidity cannot be used to accurately predict sediment...
Spatial patterns in surface soil moisture during dry and wet weather conditions have been recorded over a 3.68 ha gully catchment in central Spain. During dry weather conditions this spatial pattern was characterised by areas of relatively wet and dry soil, forming a mosaic of areas with contrasting hydrological response. Semi-variogram analysis has indicated that these areas are spatially isolated...
Although several scientists have recently studied overland flow detachment, the methodology of measurement has not yet been properly discussed. This study compares several different methods. A flume was constructed to measure soil detachment. Remoulded soils were tested in order to minimize the effects of sediment load and deposition on the soil sample surface by way of a suitable methodology....
Several studies have documented the severity of recent soil erosion on the Canadian prairies where cultivation started about a century ago. Little quantitative information is available on erosion before 1960. This study attempts to quantify post- and pre-1960 soil erosion in a small cultivated basin near Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada, by measuring 137 Cs and magnetic susceptibility...
Over the past few decades, the influence of surface sealing on infiltration has been the subject of numerous publications. However, very few of these experiments have considered the effect of spatial variability in seal hydraulic characteristics on infiltration. Field and laboratory observations have demonstrated that seal characteristics vary considerably within a range of a few cm, and the changes...
Soil formation in young aeolian sediments covered with pine and spruce was studied in an afforestation area in western Jutland. Because of advancing accumulation of mor, pH(H 2 O), values in the upper mineral layers have decreased from 5 to less than 4 within 30 years after planting. At the same time, the beginning of podzolisation is indicated by the development of an eluvial horizon, which...
The mineral magnetic properties of sediment are increasingly being used to determine the sources of sediment, and associated nutrients and contaminants in drainage basins. This study was undertaken to measure the relative contributions of the magnetic mineral components in sediment (i.e., components associated with surface bound Fe, the heavy mineral fraction, and as inclusions in particles) to determine...
In calculating catchment weathering rates using strontium isotope ratios, one of the parameters required is the 87 Sr/ 86 Sr ratio of the streamwater. The effect of flow rate on this ratio is not well understood with conflicting reports in the literature. To provide more detailed information on the effect of flow rate on strontium isotope ratios, the 87 Sr/ ...
Soil surface crusting has a major impact on water infiltration and erosion in many soils. Considerable progress has been made in describing crusting processes and in modelling the impact of crusting on infiltration. Most studies, however, have neglected the high spatial variability in crust characteristics observed in the field. The objective of this experiment was to determine the influence of runoff...
The influence of vegetation type on soil erodibility was studied by means of aggregate stability measurements using the Modified Emerson Water Dispersion Test (MEWDT), water-drop impacts (CND and TDI) and Ultrasonic Disruption (UD) methods on soils from north-facing slopes of the mountain range of La Serra Grossa in the eastern Iberian Peninsula. Soils with similar characteristics but covered by the...
Soils chronosequences are valuable tools for investigating rates and directions of soil and landscape evolution. Post-incisive chronosequences are the most common type of chronosequence. They are found in many landscapes, including sand dunes, glacial moraines, landslide scars, old pasture, burnt landscape patches, old mining areas, lava flows, alluvial fans, floodplains, river terraces, and marine...
An integrated survey along a continuum of two representative toposequences, crossing fluvial and interfluvial landscapes downstream of the confluence of two perennial rivers of the upper reaches of the River Ebonyi catchment resulted in a methodology for characterising toposequences and for identifying priorities for land evaluation. The so-called Integrated Toposequence Analysis (ITA) merges conventional...
Set the date range to filter the displayed results. You can set a starting date, ending date or both. You can enter the dates manually or choose them from the calendar.