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Background: Parvoviruses are small icosahedral single-stranded (ss) DNA viruses which replicate in rapidly proliferating cells, causing a variety of serious and often lethal diseases in mammals, including humans. The structure of canine parvovirus (CPV) showed an 11-nucleotide oligomeric fragment of its genome bound to 60 equivalent binding sites on the inside surface of the capsid. This provides...
Background: The coat protein in RNA bacteriophages binds and encapsidates viral RNA, and also acts as translational repressor of viral replicase by binding to an RNA hairpin in the RNA genome. Because of its dual function, the MS2 coat protein is an interesting candidate for structural studies of protein-RNA interactions and protein-protein interactions. In this study, unassembled MS2 coat protein...
Background: The structure of simian virus 40 (SV40), previously determined at 3.8 å resolution, shows how its pentameric VP1 assembly units are tied together by extended C-terminal arms. In order to define more precisely the possible assembly mechanisms, we have refined the structure at 3.1 å resolution. Results New data from a high-intensity synchrotron source have been used for phase extension by...
Background: Most enveloped viruses bud from infected cells by a process in which viral intracellular core components interact with cytoplasmic domains of transmembrane spike glycoproteins. We have demonstrated previously that a tyrosine motif in the cytoplasmic domain of the Semliki Forest virus (SFV) spike glycoprotein E2 is absolutely essential for budding. In contrast, hardly anything is known...
Background: Polioviruses are human pathogens and the causative agents of poliomyelitis. Polioviruses are icosahedral single-standed RNA viruses, which belong to the picornavirus family, and occur as three distinct serotypes. All three serotypes of poliovirus can infect primates, but only type 2 can infect mice. The crystal structures of a type 1 and a type 3 poliovirus are already known. Structural...
Background: Rice yellow mottle virus (RYMV) is a major pathogen that dramatically reduces rice production in many African countries. RYMV belongs to the genus sobemovirus, one group of plant viruses with icosahedral capsids and single-stranded, positive-sense RNA genomes.Results: The structure of RYMV was determined and refined to 2.8 A resolution by X-ray crystallography. The capsid contains 180...
Many large viruses, including tailed dsDNA bacteriophages and herpesviruses, assemble their capsids via formation of precursors, called procapsids or proheads. The prohead has an internal core, made of scaffolding proteins, and an outer shell, formed by the major capsid protein. The prohead usually contains a protease, which is activated during capsid maturation to destroy the inner core and liberate...
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