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Background: Recent efforts to understand the basis of protein stability have focussed attention on comparative studies of proteins from hyperthermophilic and mesophilic organisms. Most work to date has been on either oligomeric enzymes or monomers comprising more than one domain. Such studies are hampered by the need to distinguish between stabilizing interactions acting between subunits or domains...
Background: Pyrrolidone carboxyl peptidases (pcps) are a group of exopeptidases responsible for the hydrolysis of N-terminal pyroglutamate residues from peptides and proteins. The bacterial and archaeal pcps are members of a conserved family of cysteine proteases. The pcp from the hyperthermophilic archaeon Thermococcus litoralis is more thermostable than the bacterial enzymes with which it has up...
Background: Protein targeting to the endoplasmic reticulum in eukaryotes and to the cell membrane in prokaryotes is mediated by the signal recognition particle (SRP) and its receptor (SR). Both contain conserved GTPase domains in the signal-peptide-binding proteins (SRP54 and Ffh) and the SR proteins (SRα and FtsY). These GTPases are involved in the regulation of protein targeting. Most studies so...
Background: ATP is the most common phosphoryl group donor for kinases. However, certain hyperthermophilic archaea such as Thermococcus litoralis and Pyrococcus furiosus utilize unusual ADP-dependent glucokinases and phosphofructokinases in their glycolytic pathways. These ADP-dependent kinases are homologous to each other but show no sequence similarity to any of the hitherto known ATP-dependent enzymes...
Background: Homologous recombination is a crucial mechanism in determining genetic diversity and repairing damaged chromosomes. Holliday junction is the universal DNA intermediate whose interaction with proteins is one of the major events in the recombinational process. Hjc is an archaeal endonuclease, which specifically resolves the junction DNA to produce two separate recombinant DNA duplexes. The...
Background: The discovery of histone-like proteins in Archaea urged studies into the possible organization of archaeal genomes in chromatin. Despite recent advances, a variety of structural questions remain unanswered.Results: We have used the atomic force microscope (AFM) with traditional nuclease digestion assays to compare the structure of nucleoprotein complexes reconstituted from tandemly repeated...
JAMM/MPN+ metalloproteases cleave (iso)peptide bonds C-terminal to ubiquitin (Ub) and ubiquitin-like protein (Ubl) domains and typically require association with protein partners for activity, which has limited a molecular understanding of enzyme function. To provide an insight, we solved the X-ray crystal structures of a catalytically active Pyrococcus furiosus JAMM/MPN+ metalloprotease (PfJAMM1)...
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