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This research presents piston expander for low-pressure (1–10 bars) power generation to use with organic Rankine cycle and compressed air storage system. The mathematical model is analyzed to show behavior of main parameters such as pressure ratio and charge/discharge volumes where these parameters influence to the work and an isentropic efficiency base on dimensionless analysis. The main contributions...
The utilization of organic Rankine cycle (ORC) technology is increasing rapidly due to its adaptability to various low-grade heat sources. This paper examines the economic and environmental performances of different trigeneration systems integrated with ORC unit based on different low/medium-temperature heat sources. By coupling the ORC unit to combined cooling, heating and power (CCHP) plant, solar...
Non-condensable gases (NCGs) are inevitable in organic Rankine cycle (ORC) system, and they have adverse impacts. A small-scale ORC test platform using scroll expander and R123 was constructed to investigate the NCGs effect. The expander backpressure (i.e. condenser outlet pressure) and electricity output were examined on different conditions of NCGs mass fraction (xNCG), hot side temperature (Th)...
This research presents the modelling and simulation of an innovative small-scale power system composed of a downdraft gasifier, an externally fired gas turbine (EFGT) and an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) as a bottoming unit for increasing the electrical energy generation. Olive tree pruning (217 kg/h) was the biomass used, producing more than 200 kWe and an electrical efficiency of 20.7%. The producer...
A great amount of researches on thermodynamic cycles have been active in recent years, such as ORC (organic Rankine cycle), Kalina cycle, et al. However, the ultimate aim of such researches, which could even be traced back to more than one century ago, has not changed with a tireless pursuing to Carnot cycle. In exiting researches, the working fluid, as a medium for energy conversion, is commonly...
Organic Rankine cycle with liquid-flooded expansion and internal regeneration (ORCLFE) has been demonstrated leading to improvements in system efficiency with respect to conventional ORC with internal regeneration in the heat input temperature range from 80 ∘C to 200 ∘C. From a previous study [1], it was concluded that the selection of the positive displacement expander, the working fluid and its...
Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) is a suitable way to recover the waste heat of internal combustion engines. Since the engine usually operates under different working conditions, the waste heat recovery system is also under unstable state. Consequently, it is quite meaningful to research the dynamic behavior of the ORC. The dynamic math model of the ORC for waste heat recovery of a natural gas engine is...
ORC is a good solution to recover the cold exergy of LNG (liquefied natural gas) and the thermal exergy of low grade heat simultaneously. The optimal working fluids and parameters change greatly with different configurations and heat source temperatures. In this paper, three different ORC configurations: SORC (single-stage ORC), PTORC (parallel two-stage ORC) and CTORC (cascade two-stage ORC), combined...
Thermodynamic analysis and optimization of the power block of concentrated solar power (CSP) plants were performed in this study. Single and combined power cycles such as regenerative steam Rankine cycle with reheat (RSRC), organic Rankine cycle (ORC), combined Rankine/ORC cycle, regenerative Brayton cycle (RBC), regenerative Brayton cycle with recompression (RBCR), and combined Brayton/ORC cycle...
A biomass gasification-based combined cooling, heating, and power system integrated with an organic Rankine cycle is investigated. The energetic, economic, and environmental performances of the system in cooling mode and heating mode are analyzed. Based on the electrical and thermal demands of a large office building in Shanghai, the monthly and annual operation of the system is simulated and its...
Ice coverage in the Arctic is declining, opening up new shipping routes which can drastically reduce voyage lengths between Asia and Europe. There is also a drive to improve ships energy efficiency to meet international emissions design regulations such as the mandated Energy Efficiency Design Index. The organic Rankine cycle is one thermodynamic cycle that is being actively examined to improve the...
The study investigates the comprehensive effects of superheat and internal heat exchanger (IHX) on the thermo-economic performance of organic Rankine cycle (ORC). Exergy efficiency, net power output, and electricity production cost (EPC) are compared based on the working fluid properties and heat sources. The results indicate that under a lower heat source temperature and load, exergy efficiency of...
Waste heat recovery from passenger car internal combustion engines by means of an organic Rankine cycle (ORC) system is promising for reducing CO2 emissions. In this study, different cycle configurations capable of converting waste heat from both coolant and exhaust gases are investigated based on different working fluid categories. Radial-inflow turbines are considered as expansion devices and corresponding...
Organic Rankine cycles (ORCs) have been a mature technology for low temperature waste heat utilization. However, the relatively low thermal efficiency and incomplete waste heat recovery limit the power output of ORC systems. The reason for the above two problems is that the temperature-enthalpy (T-H) profile of waste heat sources does not match well with the organic working fluid in an ORC system...
A promising method to improve the efficiency of internal combustion engines is the use of thermodynamic cycles for waste heat recovery (WHR). In this study twelve working fluids are evaluated with regards to their thermodynamic potential for four cycles: the Rankine cycle (RC), the transcritical Rankine cycle (TRC), the trilateral flash cycle (TFC) and the single flash cycle (SFC). An energy and exergy...
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