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This paper focuses on using DR (Demand Response) as a means to provide reserve in order to cover uncertainty in wind power forecasting in SG (Smart Grid) environment. The proposed stochastic model schedules energy and reserves provided by both of generating units and responsive loads in power systems with high penetration of wind power. This model is formulated as a two-stage stochastic programming,...
This paper presents a pre-feasibility study of producing and using electrolytic hydrogen in Ecuador as part of a strategy towards a low carbon economy. Hydrogen could be produced using hydropower either alone or combined with other renewable energy sources. For this study, we analyzed two scenarios of energy availability based on data from the largest hydroelectric power plant in the country. The...
Demand response algorithms can cut peak energy use, driving energy conservation and enabling renewable energy sources, as well as reducing greenhouse-gas emissions. The use of these technologies is becoming increasingly popular, especially in smart-grid scenarios. We describe a home-to-grid demand response algorithm, which introduces a UEP (“user-expected price”) as an indicator of differential pricing...
The continuous spread of DER (Distributed Energy Resource) systems and CHCP (Combined Heat, Cooling and Power) technologies around the world highlights critical issues concerning the management strategies of such complex energy infrastructures. The concept of SG (Smart Grid) could be the solution to these problems even if nowadays there are not so many ongoing research and development applications...
This paper has two objectives: 1) to describe the experimental and data collection methods for a large-scale smart grid deployment in Austin, Texas, and 2) to provide results based on those data. As of October 2012, the test bed was comprised of 1) 250 homes concentrated in a single neighborhood all built after 2007, and 2) 160 homes distributed throughout Austin with ages ranging from 10 to 92 years...
The SG (smart grid) is a modernized and a future-oriented electric grid that deals with the whole energy chain, from generation to consumer. Among the SG applications, DR (demand response) is an important control mechanism to manage the electricity consumption of the customer in response to supply conditions. In buildings, DR is managed through installed communication networks which support DR applications...
A transition from an oil and coal based energy system to a systems based on renewable and sustainable energy sources has begun in many countries throughout the developed world. As a pioneer, Denmark currently has a wind energy penetration of 30% in the electricity sector and an end goal of 100% renewables in all energy sectors by 2050. The main elements in this transition are an increase in the wind...
Flexible consumption devices are often able to quickly adjust the power consumption making these devices very well suited as providers of fast ancillary services such as primary and secondary reserves. As these reserves are among the most well-paid ancillary services, it is an interesting idea to let an aggregator control a portfolio of flexible consumption devices and sell the accumulated flexibility...
In this paper we present and analyze online and offline scheduling models for the determination of the maximum power consumption in a smart grid environment. The proposed load models consider that each consumer's residence is equipped with a certain number of appliances of different power demands and different operational times, while the appliances' feature of alternating between ON and OFF states...
As electric vehicles offer a promising choice to deal with the growing air pollution and the global consumption of fossil fuels in the future smart grids, integrating their full benefit in the power system should be of a high priority. Numerous studies surveyed the possibility of charging/discharging modes of vehicles such as vehicle-to-grid, grid-to vehicle and vehicle-to-building and one introduced...
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