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The kissing bug Rhodnius prolixus is both an important vector of Chagas' disease and an interesting model for investigation into the field of physiology, including lipid metabolism. The publication of this insect genome will bring a huge amount of new molecular biology data to be used in future experiments. Although this work represents a promising scenario, a preliminary analysis of the sequence...
Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) are a group of heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorders associated with immune system dysregulation. There are supporting evidences for the role of Forkhead Box P3 (FOXP3) gene as a lineage specification factor of regulatory T cells in the pathogenesis of ASD. The aim of this study was to explore possible relationship between genetic variants rs2232365 and rs3761548...
Connectin, also called titin, is the largest protein with a critical function as a molecular spring during contraction and relaxation of striated muscle; its mutation leads to severe myopathy and cardiomyopathy. To uncover the cause of this pathogenesis, zebrafish have recently been used as disease models because they are easier to genetically modify than mice. Although the gene structures and putative...
The precise origin of Pre-eclampsia (PE) remains elusive. Multiple pieces of evidence support the existence of hypoxia in PE. MiRNA-210 (miR-210), which is induced by Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α (HIF-1α) during hypoxia, is one of the most hypoxia sensitive miRNAs. MiR-210 mediates these functions by regulating a lot of target mRNAs. Protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 2 (PTPN2) was one...
The dysfunction of ovarian granulosa cells (OGCs) directly affects the premature ovarian failure (POF). In vivo experiments showed that cyclophosphamide significantly induced mouse ovarian atrophy and proliferation inhibition of OGCs. The expressions of p53, p66Shc and p16 were significantly higher in OGCs of the cyclophosphamide treatment group. MTT assay showed that cyclophosphamide effectively...
A translocation leading to the formation of an oncogenic EWS-ETS fusion protein defines Ewing sarcoma. The most frequent gene fusion, present in 85 percent of Ewing sarcomas, is EWS-FLI1. Here, a high-throughput RNA interference screen was performed to identify genes whose function is critical for EWS-FLI1 driven cell viability. In total, 6781 genes were targeted by siRNA molecules and the screen...
It has been reported that tumor growth and proliferation correspond to mitochondrial dysfunction and that the tumor cellular microenvironment plays a key role in tumor progression, representing an area that might be manipulated to confer therapeutic anti-tumor benefits. In this article, we have identified mitochondrial genes, largely nuclear-encoded genes, which are differentially expressed in breast...
Osteoporosis is the most common age-related bone disease that is characterized by an imbalance between osteoblasts for bone formation and osteoclasts for bone resorption. Anti-catabolic drugs have been developed to inhibit osteoclast activity and to prevent bone loss in osteoporosis. However, because it is difficult to increase bone mass in osteoporotic bone, it would be beneficial to simultaneously...
Sarcoidosis is a multisystemic inflammatory and granulomatous disease that occurs in almost all populations and affects multiple organs. Meanwhile, its most common manifestation is pulmonary sarcoidosis. This study aimed to identify effective biomarkers for the diagnosis and therapy of pulmonary sarcoidosis.GSE16538 was downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus, including 6 pulmonary sarcoidosis samples...
Acquisition of resistance to adriamycin (ADR) is one of the most important clinical obstacles in the treatment of breast cancer, but the molecular mechanisms underlying sensitivity to ADR remain elusive. In our previous study, through miRNA microarray and experiments, we have emphasized that miR-222 could promote the ADR-resistance in breast cancer cells. The aim of this study was to explore the possible...
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most prevalent and malignant type of liver cancer. Besides the high incidence, the resistance to chemotherapy is a major problem that leads to the high mortality of HCC. Recently, aberrant expression of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) has been considered as a primary feature of many types of cancer. However, the genome-wide expression pattern and associated functional...
Anopheles mosquito transmits Plasmodium, the malaria causing parasite. Different species of Anopheles mosquito dominate in a particular geographical location and are capable of transmitting specific strains of Plasmodium. It is important to understand the biology of different anophelines to control the parasite transmission. STAT is an evolutionary conserved transcription factor that regulates the...
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), which are >200nt longer transcripts, potentially play important roles in almost all biological processes in plants and mammals. However, the functions and profiles of lncRNAs in fruit is less understood. Therefore, it is urgent and necessary to identify and analyze the functions of lncRNAs in sea buckthorns. Using RNA-sequencing, we synthetically identified lncRNAs...
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small, non-coding RNAs that provide an efficient pathway for regulation of gene expression at a post-transcriptional level. Tooth development is regulated by a complex network of cell-cell signaling during all steps of organogenesis. Most of the congenital dental defects in humans are caused by mutations in genes involved in developmental regulatory networks. Whereas...
Flatfish with left-right eye asymmetry are the most significant among vertebrates. However, the genetic basis for the control of this characteristic is still unclear. We propose that the gene(s) for eye asymmetry initially control minor differences in cell number in the tissues around the eyes during eye development. This minor difference is then amplified, causing eye migration during metamorphosis...
Until recently, primary familial brain calcification (PFBC) has been determined by four genes, SLC20A2, PDGFRB, PDGFB and XPR1. No studies have been carried out to analyze the gene mutation of PDGFB in Chinese population.To screen mutations of PDGFB gene in a large cohort of Chinese PFBC patients with no SLC20A2 mutations.We recruited 192 PFBC patients, including 21 index cases and 171 sporadic cases,...
NLRC5, a protein belonging to the NOD-like receptor protein family (NLRs), is highly expressed in immune tissues and cells. NLRC5 plays an important role in the immune response of humans, where its regulatory mechanism has been elucidated. However, the function and regulation of NLRC5 in chickens remains unclear. In this study, temporal expression characteristics of NLRC5 and associated genes in the...
Mammalian cells express two homologs of yeast Rad23, the so-called homolog of Rad23 (HR23) proteins. The HR23 proteins were identified more than two decades ago as factors involved in initiation of global genome nucleotide excision repair (GG-NER) along with their interacting partner, xeroderma pigmentosum group C (XPC) protein. Because the HR23 genes encode proteins harboring ubiquitin-like (UBL)...
It has been long thought that reverse transcriptases are unique to the eukaryotes. However, through our research on a peculiar single stranded DNA called msDNA in Myxococcus xanthus, it was predicted that its synthesis requires reverse transcriptases. Subsequently, Lim and Maas as well as our group demonstrated the existence of reverse transcriptases for the production of msDNA. In this review, I...
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