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The chipmunk hibernation-specific protein HP-27 is a component of the 140-kDa complex that decreases in the blood during hibernation. Although the HP-27 gene is detected in both the chipmunk, a hibernating species of the squirrel family, and the tree squirrel, a nonhibernating species, it is expressed only in the chipmunk, in a liver-specific manner. To understand the difference in HP-27 gene expression...
NAK has been identified as an IκB-kinase activating-kinase that plays an important role in NF-κB activation in response to several pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α. We describe here the genomic structure of the human NAK gene and analysis of the promoter. The gene spanned 40.5 kb and contained 21 exons with lengths ranging from 39 to 196 bp. Comparison of the phase and position of intron insertions...
Pax3, a member of the paired-class homeodomain family of transcription factors, plays an important role in embryonic development of neurepithelium and mesenchyme-derived tissues in the mouse and is an early marker for myogenic differentiation. In the present work we identify an alternative splicing event for endogenous Pax3 in primary mouse myoblasts. The resulting splice variant arises through the...
Striking conservation in various organisms suggests that cellular nucleic acid-binding protein (CNBP) plays a fundamental biological role across different species. However, the regulated expression and physiological properties of the CNBP gene are unknown. In this study, we report the molecular cloning, promoter characterization, developmental expression and functional analysis of the mouse CNBP gene...
We have recently identified a novel gene, named CIKS (Connection to IKK-complex and SAPK), able to activate the transcription factor NF-κB, after interaction with the regulatory subunit NEMO/IKKγ of IKK complex, and the stress-activated protein kinase (SAPK)/JNK. CIKS mRNA is ubiquitously expressed, although its levels differ greatly among different tissues. The aim of this study is to identify and...
Galβ1-3Gal-NAcβ1-4Gal(3-2αNeuAc)β1-4Glcβ1-1Cer (GM1) is one of the most extensively investigated gangliosides that plays critical roles in the development and functions of the nervous system. UDP-Gal:βGlcNAc β1,3-galactosyltransferase (Gal-T-II) is responsible for synthesis of ganglioside GM1 in the ganglioside biosynthetic pathway. To understand the transcriptional regulation of Gal-T-II gene expression,...
p11 is expressed in many different cell types, and serves a variety of regulatory functions. In order to better understand the transcriptional control of this protein, the 5' promoter region of the human p11 gene was cloned and sequenced. After confirming the transcription start point (TSP) using 5' rapid amplification of cDNA ends analysis, the 5' promoter was analysed. The sequence lacks a TATA...
We have identified two novel human SCAN domain genes ZNF396 and ZNF397, which are clustered within the region of chromosome 18q12. Three isoforms of ZNF396 transcript, 1.5, 2.5 and 3.9-kb, are expressed highly in liver. Four isoforms of ZNF397 transcript, 1.7, 2.5, 7.0 and 9.0-kb, are expressed in a variety of tissues, with varying levels. The SCAN-(C 2 H 2 ) X genes encode...
The solitary cAMP response element (CRE) 1 in the human DNA polymerase β (β-pol) core promoter plays a key role in both basal expression and the DNA-alkylating agent response of the promoter. To further understand the role of the CRE in the regulation of this promoter, we searched for novel CRE-binding proteins by using a 32 P-labeled β-pol CRE oligodeoxynucleotide and a human...
An overlapping pathway screening (OPS) approach designed to identify and clone genes displaying parallel expression profiles as a function of induction of terminal differentiation and cellular senescence in human cells identified a novel gene old-35. Sequence and functional analysis indicates that old-35 encodes human polynucleotide phosphorylase, hPNPase old-35 ....
Regulation of the Alzheimer's disease (AD)-related gene, presenilin-2 (PSEN2), was analyzed in neuronal (SK-N-SH) and non-neuronal (human embryonic kidney 293, HEK293) cells. We show that the PSEN2 regulatory region includes two separate promoter elements, each located upstream of multiple transcription start sites in the first and second exons. The stronger upstream promoter, P1, has housekeeping...
Altered transcriptional control is likely to contribute to the down-regulation of connexin 43 (Cx43) expression observed in many forms of heart disease. However, little is known about the factors regulating Cx43 transcription in the heart under (patho)physiological conditions. Therefore, a systematic study of rat Cx43 (rCx43) proximal promoter regulation in rat primary neonatal ventricular cardiomyocytes...
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