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The first and second laws of thermodynamics can describe the heat build-up phenomena of rubbery materials during deformation. When the force is applied on rubber specimen, the rubber starts to deform and the work is stored as heat inside rubber. The temperature increase due to deformation can be scaled by the heat capacity as a function of the work. This can be well explained by the entropic process...
This study shows an additive assisted one-step melt mixing approach to produce composites of linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) which are nearly free of CNT agglomerates. Thereby, the influence of an nonionic additive namely polyoxyethylene cetyl ether as a dispersion additive during the CNT melt mixing process was investigated. It was analysed how the number of the...
A DGEBA epoxy resin cured using dicyandiamide hardener, was modified by using two types of CSR nano-particles over a range of volume fractions from 0 vol.% to 38 vol.%. The size and microstructure of CSR particles were studied and the measured diameters are 203 nm (with a 16.9 nm shell thickness) and 74.1 nm respectively. Addition of CSR nano particles increased the glass transition temperature due...
Triblock copolymers consisting of poly(oxyethylene) (PEG), poly(d-lactide) (PDLA), and poly(l-lactide) (PLLA) were successfully prepared by the two-step ring-opening polymerization of d- and l-lactides via PEG-PDLA diblock copolymers. These triblock copolymers as well as the diblock copolymer PEG-PDLA and a mixture of enantiomeric diblock copolymers PEG-PDLA/PEG-PLLA were emulsified to make their...
Dihydroxyl terminated poly(butylene succinate) ionomer precursors (Pre-PBSIs) with different ionic group contents were prepared to chain-extend with dihydroxyl terminated poly(butylene succinate) to synthesize high molecular weight poly(butylene succinate) ionomers (PBSIs) with controlled ionic group distributions. The chemical structures and molecular weights of the precursors and PBSIs were characterized...
Despite the remarkable advances in recent times on polybenzimidazole (PBI) based proton exchange membranes (PEM), there are two most important limitations that restrict their uses: (1) declining of the mechanical strength at high acid doping level and (2) leaching of doped acid when membrane is in contact with water. In continuation with our earlier success (J. Mater. Chem. 2011, 21, 14897; ACS Appl...
Covalently conjugating proteins with synthetic polymers, particularly poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) is widely used as a means to improve protein solubility and stability, prolong their circulating half-lives, and lower their immunogenicity. Conventionally, these polymers are attached to random locations on the protein surfaces through the modification of the reactive side chains of amino acid residues...
In order to realize a more effective and environmentally friendly flame-retardant treatment for melamine foam, which is expected to be used as highly flame-retardant cellular polymeric materials for building and construction, a novel intumescent flame-retardant nanocoating, comprised of positively charged chitosan (CH) and negatively charged ammonium polyphosphate (APP), is deposited on high open-cell...
The electrospinning process is a versatile technique for the encapsulation and controlled release of active substances. It also allows for the formation of various types of fiber microstructures such as porous or dense fibers, as well as core-sheath, co-continuous or hollow fibers. Herein, we aim at studying and controlling the release kinetics of a model substance from electrospun fibers in function...
With recent development in controlled/“living” polymerization and sequence-specific polymeric architecture design, polymeric materials with accurately designed primary structure can be to some extent designed and prepared. Such development has actuated the design of single chain polymer nanoparticles (SCPNs) with tunable high-order structures from well-defined polymeric precursors. Until now, various...
The sulfonation of poly(p-phenylenediamine) (P(pPD)) polymer was reported and described in this study. The sulfonated P(pPD) polymers (SP(pPD)) with a degree of sulfonation (S/N molar ratio) range of 0.07–0.38 were prepared using two different methods; postsulfonation of P(pPD) polymers with fuming sulfuric acid under different reaction conditions and chemical oxidative copolymerization of p-phenylenediamine...
Direct polymerizations of p-hydroxybenzoic acid (HBA) and 2-hydroxy-6-naphthoic acid (HNA) in the presence of boronic anhydride were examined by using crystallization under non-stoichiometric condition. The polymerizations were carried out with the addition of monofunctional compounds such as an aromatic carboxylic acid and a phenol. High molecular weight poly(p-oxybenzoyl) (POB) and poly(2-oxy-6-naphthoyl)...
We report here a one-pot approach to achieve, for the first time, the simultaneous synthesis/anchorage of polymer monoliths in native PDMS channels. Monoliths consisting of ethylene glycol methacrylate phosphate (EGMP) and N,N′-methylene-bis-acrylamide (BAA) were synthesized within PDMS microchips through a photo-driven process. The EGMP monomer has never been employed for this purpose. To achieve...
The thermo-responsive vesicles of poly[N-(4-vinylbenzyl)-N,N-diethylamine]-b-polystyrene (PVEA-b-PS) and the nanospheres of poly(acrylic acid)-b-polystyrene (PAA-b-PS) were prepared and the blending of the PVEA-b-PS vesicles and the PAA-b-PS nanospheres to form vesicle/nanospheres complexes and the revisable disassembly of the vesicle/nanospheres complexes were investigated. Through the in situ synthesis...
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