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Mechanical properties of carbon nanotube (CNT) reinforced polystyrene rod and CNT reinforced epoxy thin film were studied and the CNT-polymer interface in these composites was examined. Transmission and scanning electron microscopy examinations of CNT/polystyrene (PS) and CNT/epoxy composite showed that these polymers adhered well to CNT at the nanometer scale. Molecular mechanics simulations and...
The thermal and flammability properties of polypropylene/multi-walled carbon nanotube, (PP/MWNT) nanocomposites were measured with the MWNT content varied from 0.5 to 4% by mass. Dispersion of MWNTs in these nanocomposites was characterized by SEM and optical microscopy. Flammability properties were measured with a cone calorimeter in air and a gasification device in a nitrogen atmosphere. A significant...
In this study, a new way was used to chemically synthesize polymer-connected MWNT nanocomposites. Reversible addition fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT) agent was successfully grafted onto the surface of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs). Polystyrene (PS) chains were successfully grafted from the surface of MWNTs via RAFT process by using RAFT agent immobilized on MWNTs. FTIR, XPS and TGA were...
Thermoplastic composites with carbon nanotubes (CNT) have a great potential as structural material because of their superior mechanical properties and ease of processing. The objective of this report is to evaluate the effect of oxidized single walled carbon nanotubes (oSWCNT) on the properties of poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT) thermoplastic polymers, as a function of their weight content. The...
Polyacrylonitrile (PAN)/carbon nanotubes (CNTs) composite fibers were spun from solutions in dimethyl acetamide (DMAc), using single wall (SWNTs), double wall (DWNTs), multi wall (MWNTs) carbon nanotubes, and vapor grown carbon nanofibers (VGCNFs). In each case, CNT content was 5wt% with respect to the polymer. Structure, morphology, and properties of the composite fibers have been characterized using...
Poly(hexamethylenesebacamide) (nylon 610) nanocomposites containing well dispersed multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) were successfully produced via the in situ interfacial polymerization of two liquid phases, one containing hexamethylenediamine in the presence of MWNTs and the other containing sebacoyl chloride. The processing consisted of dispersing acid-treated MWNTs in an aqueous phase containing...
Polymer nanocomposite films containing 5wt% single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT) or 5wt% multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNT) with random copolymers of styrene and vinyl phenol were processed from dimethyl formamide solutions. Vinyl phenol mole ratio in the copolymer was 0, 10, 20, 30, and 40%. FTIR analysis indicates that the composites containing the copolymer with 20% vinyl phenol exhibit the...
High strength, flexible and conductive polyaniline (PANi)–carbon nanotube (SWNT) composite fibres have been produced using wet spinning. The use of dichloroacetic acid (DCAA) containing 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propane sulfonic acid (AMPSA) has been shown to act as an excellent dispersing medium for carbon nanotubes and for dissolution of polyaniline. The viscosity of DCAA–AMPSA solution undergoes...
Single wall carbon nanotubes (SWNT) act as a compatabilizer for polyacrylonitrile (PAN)/styrene–acrylonitrile (SAN) copolymer blends. Carbonization of PAN/SAN/SWNT blend films results in pore widths in the range of 1–200nm, while carbonized PAN/SAN blend films resulted in pores with typical width of 1–10μm. Electrochemical supercapacitor behavior of the carbonized PAN/SAN/SWNT films was characterized...
We report a high-shear processing technology that allows the homogenous dispersion of unmodified multiwalled carbon nanotubes (UMWNTs) in a thermoplastic elastomer, poly(styrene-b-butadiene-co-butylene-b-styrene) (SBBS). We demonstrated that the dispersion of UMWNTs in a polymer matrix depends greatly on the shear stress exerted during melt processing. Mechanical tests showed that the tensile modulus,...
Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) were modified with poly(hexamethylene adipamide) (also known as Nylon 66) via a controlled polymer solution crystallization method. A “nanohybrid shish kebab” (NHSK) structure was found wherein the MWNT resembled the shish while Nylon 66 lamellar crystals formed the kebabs. These Nylon 66-functionalized MWNTs were used as precursors to prepare polymer/MWNT nanocomposites...
Biocompatible poly(l-lactic acid) (PLA) was successfully covalently grafted onto the convex surfaces and tips of the multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) by one step based on in situ polycondensation of the commercially available l-lactic acid monomers. The functional groups in the carboxylic multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNT-COOH) showed active enough for participating the polycondensation of...
Gel spun polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and PAN/single wall carbon nanotube (SWNT) composite fibers have been stabilized in air and subsequently carbonized in argon at 1100°C. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and infrared spectroscopy suggests that the presence of single wall carbon nanotube affects PAN stabilization. Carbonized PAN/SWNT fibers exhibited 10–30nm diameter fibrils embedded in brittle...
A method for the in situ synthesis of multi-walled carbon nanotubes in a bulk solid composition from the pyrolysis of a mixture formulated from Co 2 (CO) 8 and various high temperature phthalonitrile resins is presented. Carbon nanotube containing compositions in various forms (solid, fiber, and film) can be readily fabricated by this method utilizing slight modifications to the standard...
Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) were functionalized with polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) via amide linkages. The oxidized MWNT (MWNT–COOH) was converted to the acyl chloride-functionalized MWNT (MWNT–COCl) by treating them with thionyl chloride (SOCl 2 ), and then MWNT–COCl was reacted with aminopropylisooctyl-POSS to prepare aminopropylisooctyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane...
Rapid and efficient synthesis of novel optically active polyamides (PAs) was achieved under microwave irradiation. Thus, step-growth polymerization of a novel chiral diacid containing naphthalimide and flexible chiral groups with different diisocyanates in the presence of a small amount of ionic liquids that act as a primary microwave absorber as well as conventional heating was carried out. The PAs...
Aromatic polyester nanocomposites based on poly(ethylene 2,6-naphthalate) (PEN) and carbon nanotube (CNT) were prepared by melt blending using a twin-screw extruder. Modification of CNT to introduce carboxylic acid groups on the surface was performed to enhance intermolecular interactions between CNT and the PEN matrix through hydrogen bonding formation. Morphological observations revealed that the...
Multi-walled carbon nanotube-epoxy composites are modified with titania nanoparticles in order to obtain multiphase nanocomposites with an enhanced dispersion of carbon nanotubes. The dispersion is monitored using rheological and electrical conductivity measurements. An increase in dispersion quality can be correlated to an increased storage shear modulus of the uncured suspensions and to a decreased...
Poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide) (PPO) multi-bonded carbon nanotube (CNT) (CNT–PPO) was prepared using brominated PPO under the condition of atom transfer radical polymerization. The structure and properties of CNT–PPO were characterized with FTIR, Raman spectroscopy and thermal analyzer. The PPO layer in a thickness of about 4.5nm was observed covering on the side wall of CNT with a high-resolution...
Single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) were dispersed in a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) matrix by solution blending and then cast onto a glass substrate to create flexible films. Various SWNT loading concentrations were implemented (0.5, 1.0, and 3.0wt%), and the processing method was repeated to produce films in the presence of magnetic fields (3.0 and 9.4T). Alignment of the SWNTs in the PET matrix...
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