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Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is well recognized as a heat-producing organ of rodents and generally all young mammals. There is good experimental evidence that its thermogenic activity plays a role also during development of fever and that this activation is mediated exclusively via an adrenergic pathway. However, we have shown that brown adipocytes highly express receptors for pyrogenic factors (IL-1,...
We have previously cloned the mouse platelet basic protein (mPBP), a homologue of human PBP, from mouse thymic stromal cells. Using EST alignment and RT-PCR, the rat homologue of human and mouse PBP was cloned from lung and named as rPBP. The complete open reading frame and part of the 3'- and 5'-non-coding regions were obtained through rapid amplification of cDNA ends. The rPBP cDNA encodes a protein...
Humans exhibit substantial inter-individual differences in TNF-α production upon endotoxin stimulation. To determine to what extent the lipopolysaccharide-induced TNF-α production capacity in vivo and ex vivo is determined by polymorphisms in toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4), the TNF-α promoter region and Nod2, we screened for two TLR4 polymorphisms, a Nod2 polymorphism and the TNF-α promoter polymorphisms...
Pro-inflammatory cytokines contribute significantly to the morbidity of premature infants. IL-6 and IL-8 are involved in the pathogenesis of pulmonary and cerebral tissue injury. The effect of human immunoglobulin preparations on cytokine production in preterm infants has not been studied. We investigated the influence of immunoglobulin on LPS stimulated IL-6 and IL-8 production in cord blood of healthy...
Recent studies have shown that heart diseases are always accompanied with high levels of IL-1β and a decrease in Na + -K + ATPase concentrations. This work studies the involvement of the cytokine in the observed changes in the pump. Rats were injected intraperitoneally with 400mg of IL-1β and 4h later, the heart was isolated and a crude homogenate of the right and left ventricles was...
We have generated mice in which the gene encoding the transcription factor STAT3 can be inactivated in multiple cell types by triggering the endogenous production of type I interferon. Gene inactivation is particularly effective in the liver and the adipose tissue, as well as in macrophages and gut epithelial cells. Upon induction of the mutation, mice develop a wasting syndrome culminating in an...
Interleukin (IL)-10 and IL-12 have been suggested to be key regulators in the pathogenesis of allergic asthma. Several of the secretion products of dendritic cells (DC), such as IL-12, IL-10, IL-1β and TNF-α, are considered to play a role in allergic asthma.This study compares the production of IL-10 and IL-12 in allergic asthmatic children (n=17) and controls (n=14) by measuring their extracellular...
The mechanism of glutamine (Gln)-mediated down-regulation of inflammation in the intestine is poorly understood. We hypothesize that Gln down-regulates lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated IL-8 production in intestinal epithelial cells via transcription factors that counteract the effect of LPS-mediated increase in IL-8. Caco-2 cells were incubated with different doses of Gln with or without methionine...
Interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1α) and beta (IL-1β) are well known factors that stimulate hematopoiesis, nevertheless there are reports that show that they can also inhibit this activity. While both IL-1α and IL-1β induce the expression of hematopoietic cytokines, such as growth factors and their receptors on myeloid cells, helping thus to regulate hematopoiesis, it is not known if their inhibitory activity...
Several lines of evidence have implicated activated protein C (APC) to be an endogenous inhibitor of the inflammatory septic cascade. APC may exhibit direct anti-inflammatory properties, independent of its antithrombotic effects. Chemokines influence the interaction of monocytes at the endothelium during infection and sepsis and are involved in the molecular events leading to an adverse and lethal...
Cytokines and chemokines have been implicated in the pathogenesis of Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and its microvascular complications. Recently, genetic variants of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), CC-chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2), CC-chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) genes have been identified. The aim was to investigate whether genetic variants of the MCP-1 G(-2518)A, CCR2B 64I, CCR5 G(59029)A,...
The Women Health Initiative Clinical trial results suggest that post-menopausal women receiving estrogen+progesterone are at risk for heart disease compared with estrogen alone supplemented women. We examined the hypothesis that progesterone but not 17β-estradiol (E) increases the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. U937 human monocytes were...
Histamine and IL-9 are suspected to play an important role in the pathogenesis of asthmatic and allergic reactions. Mast cells store a large amount of histamine in their granules and are capable of producing different cytokines upon stimulation. In this study we show that mast cells stimulated by IL-9 and ionomycin or IL-9 and antigen-specific IgE/antigen express several cytokines at mRNA level, among...
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