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Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) is a central component in innate immunity and the inflammatory response of mammals. Only recently, the first non-mammalian IL-1β sequences were published. In this study, we describe a second IL-1β sequence (IL-1β2) in carp with 74% amino acid identity to the carp IL-1β1 sequence. The existence of two IL-1β copies in the carp genome probably originates from the tetraploid nature...
Interleukin-1 (IL-1) has pleiotropic actions in the central nervous system. During the past decade, a growing corpus of evidence has indicated an important role of this cytokine in the development of brain damage following cerebral ischaemia. The expression of IL-1 in the brain is dramatically increased during the early and chronic stage of infarction. The IL-1 gene cluster on chromosome 2ql4 contains...
Interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and interleukin-1 (IL-1) play an important role in the modulation of acute and chronic airway inflammation. Both IFN-γ and IL-1 are known to increase the release of arachidonic acid (AA) from airway epithelial cells, suggesting that AA metabolites may mediate the cytokine-induced inflammation. This study was designed to examine the direct effect of IFN-γ and IL-α on the phosphorylation...
Interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1α) and beta (IL-1β) are well known factors that stimulate hematopoiesis, nevertheless there are reports that show that they can also inhibit this activity. While both IL-1α and IL-1β induce the expression of hematopoietic cytokines, such as growth factors and their receptors on myeloid cells, helping thus to regulate hematopoiesis, it is not known if their inhibitory activity...
Interleukin-1 (IL-1) plays a crucial role in the immunopathological responses involved with tissue destruction in chronic inflammatory diseases, such as periodontal disease, as it stimulates host cells including fibroblasts to produce various inflammatory mediators and catabolic factors. We comprehensively investigated the involvement of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs)/activator protein-1...
The putative new interleukin (IL)-1 family member IL-1F8 (IL-1η, IL-1H2) has been shown recently to activate mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPKs), extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK1/2) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and nuclear factor-kappa B (NFκB) via a mechanism that requires IL-1Rrp2 expression in cell lines. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that IL-1F8...
The role of interleukin (IL)-1 in infectious diseases is controversial; some investigators indicated an enhancing effect of IL-1 on host resistance whereas others demonstrated the protective role of IL-1 receptor antagonist in infection. We evaluated the role of endogenous IL-1 in gut-derived sepsis caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, by comparing IL-1-deficient mice and wild-type (WT) mice.Gut-derived...
Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) inhibits the classical biological effects of interleukin (IL)-1 by preventing its binding to IL-1 receptors. There are, however, four different isoforms of IL-1Ra, of which three are intracellular (icIL-1Ra1, 2, 3). Due to their localization, icIL-1Ras cannot interact with cell surface IL-1 receptors and have been suggested to carry out specific functions...
Porphyromonas gingivalis and Campylobacter rectus are two major bacterial species implicated in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. P. gingivalis can antagonise the inflammatory response to other periodontal pathogens, a property commonly attributed to its lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The aim of this study was to investigate the capacity of P. gingivalis to antagonise C. rectus induced cytokine stimulation...
There has been no comprehensive study that maps the production of the range of inflammatory cytokines following implantation of a material. There is an urgent requirement for specific data on the real time production of biological markers in order to study their effects in vitro and more accurately predict the in vivo response. This study determined the production of IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10,...
Although much is known about classic IFNγ inducers, little is known about the IFNγ inducing capability of inflammasome-activated monocytes. In this study, supernatants from LPS/ATP-stimulated human monocytes were analyzed for their ability to induce IFNγ production by KG-1 cells. Unexpectedly, monocyte-derived IFN inducing activity was detected, but it was completely inhibited by IL-1β, not IL-18...
Interleukin (IL)-1 is a pivotal pro-inflammatory cytokine and an important mediator of both acute and chronic central nervous system (CNS) injuries. Despite intense research in CNS IL-1 biology over the past two decades, its precise mechanism of action in inflammatory responses to acute brain disorders remains largely unknown. In particular, much effort has been focussed on using in vitro approaches...
In the present study, we investigated potential synergism between IL-6 and IL-1 for the production of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) by the synovial cell line SW982. Cells were cultured with different combinations of IL-6, soluble IL-6 receptor (sIL-6R) and IL-1β for 24h and production of MMPs was then measured. IL-6+sIL-6R, but not IL-6 alone, induced MMP-13 and MMP-3 production. IL-1β also induced...
The clinical phenotype in sepsis that is observed as LPS tolerance is determined by silencing of pro-inflammatory genes like IL-1 beta (IL-1β). This study shows that facultative heterochromatin (fHC) silences IL-1β expression during sepsis, where we find dephosphorylated histone H3 serine 10 and increased binding of heterochromatin protein-1 (HP-1) to the promoter. In both human sepsis blood leukocytes...
Genetic polymorphisms have recently been found to be related to clinical outcome in septic patients. The present study investigated to evaluate the influence of genetic polymorphisms in Japanese septic patients on clinical outcome and whether use of genetic polymorphisms as predictors would enable more accurate prediction of outcome. Effects of 16 genetic polymorphisms related to pro-inflammatory...
Previous studies suggest a role for IL-1β in the pathophysiology of upper extremity soft tissue disorders (UESTDs). We studied the levels of interleukin-1 family members in patients with incipient UESTDs and compared them with healthy controls. In this case control study, we included 163 patients with UESTDs and symptom duration shorter than 1month and 42 healthy controls matched for age and gender...
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and periodontitis (PD) are complex inflammatory disturbances, influenced by genetic factors. Interleukin (IL)-1 genes code for inflammatory mediators involved in the physiopathogenesis of both diseases. Functional polymorphisms in IL1 genes modulate cytokine levels and have been associated with susceptibility to immune-inflammatory conditions.The aim of this study was...
IL-1 and TNF-α, the two major proinflammatory cytokines, have been involved in initiation and progression of several malignancies. They could influence the biological behavior of prostatic tumors and patient outcome, and could be useful as prognostic factors. This study evaluated the prognostic capability for biochemical progression after radical prostatectomy of expression of IL-1, TNF-α and related...
Immediate early response gene 3 (IER3) encodes a protein involved in the regulation of apoptosis and differentiation. Recently the role of IER3 in the regulation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs) was discovered. IER3 prolongs ERKs activation by inhibition of phosphatase PP2A. Here we show that interleukin-1β (IL-1β)-induced IER3 expression is mediated by the ERK1/2 target, transcription...
The P2X 7 R is a functionally distinct member of the P2X family of non-selective cation channels associated with rapid activation of the inflammasome complex and signalling interleukin (IL)-1β release in macrophages. The main focus of this investigation was to compare P2X 7 R-driven IL-1 production by primary murine bone marrow derived dendritic cells (BMDC) and macrophages (BMM)....
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