Journal of Investigative Dermatology

article

Alteration in Cell Morphology Triggers Transforming Growth Factor-β1, Collagenase, and Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases-I Expression in Normal and Hypertrophic Scar Fibroblasts

Maryam Varedi, Edward E. Tredget, Paul G. Scott, You J. Shen, more

Journal of Investigative Dermatology > 1995 > 104 > 1 > 118-123

Using immunocytochemistry and Northern blot analysis, we investigated the role of cell morphology and reorganization of the cytoskeleton in the expression of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) in human dermal fibroblasts. Disruption of the cytoskeleton was induced by three different agents--trypsin, ethyl-eneglycol-bis(β-aminoethyl ether)-N,N,N ,N -tetraacetic acid (EGTA), or cytochalasin--and...

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Ultrastructural Evidence for Nerve Fibers Within All Vital Layers of the Human Epidermis

Marita Hilliges, Lixin Wang, Olle Johansson

Journal of Investigative Dermatology > 1995 > 104 > 1 > 134-137

To prove the existence of human intraepidermal nerve fibers at the electron microscopic level, we used both conventional and immunohistochemical ultrastructural techniques. Specimens were obtained from skin of the back, one of the most densely innervated areas of the human epidermis. The immunohistochemical marker protein gene product 9.5 was chosen because it is highly potent in labeling nerves...

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Neurofibromatosis 2 and Neurilemmomatosis Gene Are Identical

Mariko Honda, Eiko Arai, Schunichi Sawada, Arihito Ohta, more

Journal of Investigative Dermatology > 1995 > 104 > 1 > 74-77

Neurofibromatosis 2 (NF2) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by the occurrence of bilateral acoustic neuromas, as well as meningiomas and schwannomas. The gene locus for NF2 resides on chromosome 22q12 and has been cloned recently. Neurilemmomatosis is characterized by multiple cutaneous and spinal neurilemmomas without other signs of NF1 or NF2. Many cases with this disorder include...

article

Nle ⁴ DPhe ⁷ α-Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone Increases the Eumelanin: Phaeomelanin Ratio in Cultured Human Melanocytes

Gillian Hunt, Sylvia Kyne, Kazumasa Wakamatsu, Shosuke Ito, more

Journal of Investigative Dermatology > 1995 > 104 > 1 > 83-85

In mammals, melanin exists in two chemically distinct forms: the red-yellow phaeomelanin and the brown-black eumelanin. Although administration of the pigmentary hormone α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (αMSH) and its synthetic analogue Nle ⁴ DPhe ⁷ αMSH induces skin darkening in man, the increases in melanogenesis in cultured human melanocytes in response to these peptides are relatively...

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No Evidence for Borrelia burgdorferi-Specific DNA in Lesions of Localized Scleroderma

Ralf Wienecke, Eva-Maria Schlüpen, Natalie Zöchling, Uwe Neubert, more

Journal of Investigative Dermatology > 1995 > 104 > 1 > 23-26

A possible association of Borrelia burgdorferi with localized scleroderma is currently the focus of intense research and discussion. Skin biopsies from 30 patients with localized scleroderma (28 of the plaque type/morphea; two linear scleroderma) were analyzed for the presence of Borrelia burgdorferi using three different polymerase chain reaction systems for amplification of segments of borrelial...

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Up-Regulation of Keratin 17 Expression in Human HaCaT Keratinocytes by Interferon-γ

Bernd Bonnekoh, Christina Huerkamp, Andrea Wevers, Jürgen Geisel, more

Journal of Investigative Dermatology > 1995 > 104 > 1 > 58-61

The immortalized human keratinocyte cell line HaCaT was used to assess the effect of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) on expression of keratin K17. Both IFN-γ and K17 have been implicated in the pathophysiology of psoriasis. Western and quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay analyses demonstrated increasing induction of K17 protein by 48 h exposure to IFN-γ at concentrations of 10, 50, and 250 U/ml...

article

Suppressive and Enhancing Effects of Ultraviolet B Radiation on Expression of Contact Hypersensitivity in Man

Cynthia Tie, Cindy Golomb, J. Richard Taylor, J. Wayne Streilein

Journal of Investigative Dermatology > 1995 > 104 > 1 > 18-22

Ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation has multiple effects on the immune system, and these effects contribute to the development of UVB-induced skin cancers in mice, and probably man. Depending upon dose and duration of UVB exposure, the resultant immune aberrations may be strictly local (at the irradiated skin site) or systemic. One important local effect of acute, low-dose UVB regimens is impaired induction...

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Structure-Function Relations in the Inhibition of Murine Contact Hypersensitivity by Amiloride

Ann M. Lindgren, Richard D. Granstein, Junichi Hosoi, Richard L. Gallo

Journal of Investigative Dermatology > 1995 > 104 > 1 > 38-41

Topical application of amiloride, a potent inhibitor of the Na ⁺ H ⁺ antiport, inhibits cutaneous inflammation induced by ultraviolet radiation or contact hypersensitivity in mice. Amiloride analogues with greater and lesser inhibition of the Na ⁺ H ⁺ exchange were tested to determine whether anti-inflammatory effects correlate with this activity. Structural analogues...

article

Different Effects of Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor and Transforming Growth Factor-β on the Two Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Receptors' Expression in Scleroderma and Healthy Human Dermal Fibroblasts

Yoshiro Ichiki, Edwin Smith, E. Carwile LeRoy, Maria Trojanowska

Journal of Investigative Dermatology > 1995 > 104 > 1 > 124-127

Previous studies have demonstrated that platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) α receptor expression is up-regulated by transforming growth factor-β ₁ (TGF-β ₁ ) in scleroderma dermal fibroblasts, but not in healthy control fibroblasts. We asked whether this selective effect in scleroderma cells was TGF-β ₁ -specific or a general response by studying responses to other growth...

article

Interleukin-10 Production by Cultured Human Keratinocytes: Regulation by Ultraviolet B and Ultraviolet A1 Radiation

Markus Grewe, Karin Gyufko, Jean Krutmann

Journal of Investigative Dermatology > 1995 > 104 > 1 > 3-6

Keratinocytes are the primary cellular target for ultraviolet radiation in human skin, and ultraviolet radiation-induced therapeutical effects may thus be mediated by keratinocyte-derived, antiinflammatory mediators. Interleukin-10 is capable of exerting anti-inflammatory effects by virtue of its capacity to suppress the production of interferon-γ. The present study therefore assessed the ability...

article

Repair of Ultraviolet B and Singlet Oxygen-Induced DNA Damage in Xeroderma Pigmentosum Cells

Thomas M. Rünger, Bernd Epe, Karin Möller

Journal of Investigative Dermatology > 1995 > 104 > 1 > 68-73

Ultraviolet B (UVB) (290-320 nm) is capable of damaging the DNA molecule directly by generating predominantly pyrimidine dimers. UVA (320-400 nm) does not alter the DNA molecule directly. However, when it is absorbed by cellular photosensitizers, it can damage the DNA molecule indirectly, e.g., by mediation of singlet oxygen, generating predominantly 8-hydroxyguanine. These indirect effects have...

article

Changes in Expression of Apoptosis-Associated Genes in Skin Mark Early Catagen

Miri Seiberg, Jeffrey Marthinuss, Kurt S. Stenn

Journal of Investigative Dermatology > 1995 > 104 > 1 > 78-82

Programmed cell death is central to hair biology, as the hair follicle undergoes cycles of growth (anagen), regression (catagen), and rest (telogen). During catagen, the hair follicle shortens via a pathway of programmed cell death and apoptosis. The molecular mechanisms involved in this process have not been elucidated yet. Using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, we examined in...

article

Differential Responsiveness of Langerhans Cell Subsets of Varying Phenotypic States in Normal Human Epidermis

Akihiko Shibaki, Laurent Meunier, Chisei Ra, Shinji Shimada, more

Journal of Investigative Dermatology > 1995 > 104 > 1 > 42-46

Epidermal Langerhans cell heterogeneity is poorly understood with regard to phenotypic characteristics, such as the expression of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR, integrin, and Fc receptor molecules, as well as functional characteristics, such as the ability to process and present antigens or produce cytokines during various phases of immigration and maturation. Technical limitations of Langerhans...

article

The Antiproliferative and Differentiative Activities of 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D ₃ Are Potentiated by Epidermal Growth Factor and Attenuated by Insulin in Cultured Human Keratinocytes

Tai C. Chen, Kelly Persons, Wen-Wei Liu, Ming L. Chen, more

Journal of Investigative Dermatology > 1995 > 104 > 1 > 113-117

1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D ₃ (1,25(OH) ₂ D ₃ ) is a potent inhibitor of keratinocyte proliferation, as well as a stimulator of epidermal terminal differentiation. In the present studies, we investigated the influence of epidermal growth factor (EGF) and insulin on the antiproliferative and differentiation activities of 1,25(OH) ₂ D ₃ . Our results indicate the...

article

Antibodies to the E4, E6, and E7 Proteins of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Type 16 in Patients with HPV-Associated Diseases and in the Normal Population

Martin Müller, Raphael P. Viscidi, Vera Ulken, Jan Nico Bouwes Bavinck, more

Journal of Investigative Dermatology > 1995 > 104 > 1 > 138-141

In a cross-sectional study, titers of antibodies to the E4 and E7 proteins of human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 were measured by peptide-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 1707 sera. Sera were obtained from healthy individuals (ages 1 to 95 years), from patients with HPV-associated infection (cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical cancer), and from patients who were at high risk...

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Adhesion Molecules. I: Keratinocyte-Keratinocyte Interactions; Cadherins and Pemphigus

Masayuki Amagai

Journal of Investigative Dermatology > 1995 > 104 > 1 > 146-152

During the last few years, considerable progress has been made in our understanding of the structure and function of cadherins and of the pathophysiology of pemphigus. Cadherins are a multiple gene family of Ca ⁺ ⁺ -dependent cell adhesion molecules with a typical single-spanning transmembrane structure. Cadherins have two major subfamilies, classic cadherin and desmosomal cadherin....

article

Both Dendritic Cells and Memory T Lymphocytes Emigrate From Organ Cultures of Human Skin and Form Distinctive Dendritic-T-Cell Conjugates

Melissa Pope, Michiel G.H. Betjes, Haideh Hirmand, Lloyd Hoffman, more

Journal of Investigative Dermatology > 1995 > 104 > 1 > 11-17

Prior studies of mouse skin in organ culture have shown that dendritic cells selectively emigrate from the explants over 1-3 d. This emigration may model the movements of dendritic cells that can occur in situ, as in transplantation and contact sensitivity. In this study, we cultured explants of normal human skin that had been removed with a dermatome. Dendritic cells with characteristic morphology...

article

Human Keratinocytes Express the Three Major Splice Forms of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor

Claudia Ballaun, Wolfgang Weninger, Aumaid Uthman, Herbert Weich, more

Journal of Investigative Dermatology > 1995 > 104 > 1 > 7-10

Vascular endothelial growth factor is a powerful mitogen for endothelial cells, recently reported to be produced by keratinocytes. In the present work, we examined human keratinocytes in primary culture for the splice variants of vascular endothelial growth factor. In situ hybridization revealed that 100% of cultured human keratinocytes expressed mRNA for this cytokine, and analysis by reverse transcriptase-polymerase...

article

Isolation and Long-Term Culture of Human Hair-Follicle Melanocytes

Desmond J. Tobin, Stephen R. Colen, Jean-Claude Bystryn

Journal of Investigative Dermatology > 1995 > 104 > 1 > 86-89

We report a method to establish long-term cultures of melanocytes derived from human hair follicles. Normal human scalp was transected 1 mm below the epidermis, and hair follicles in the remaining dermis were isolated by collagenase treatment. Hair-follicle cell suspensions were prepared by trypsin/ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid treatment and cultured in a mixture of Eagle's minimum essential...

article

Delayed Assembly of Desmosomes in Keratinocytes with Disrupted Classic-Cadherin-Mediated Cell Adhesion by a Dominant Negative Mutant

Masayuki Amagai, Toshihiko Fujimori, Takuji Masunaga, Hiroshi Shimizu, more

Journal of Investigative Dermatology > 1995 > 104 > 1 > 27-32

We examined whether classic cadherins play a role in the formation of desmosomes using a mouse keratinocyte, PAMcN390Δ cell, which shows disrupted classic-cadherin-mediated cell adhesion by introduction of a dominant-negative mutant of N-cadherin. The expression of the mutant did not alter that of endogenous E-cadherin or desmoplakin. In control cells with functional classic cadherins, we observed...

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Journal of Investigative Dermatology

Alteration in Cell Morphology Triggers Transforming Growth Factor-β1, Collagenase, and Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases-I Expression in Normal and Hypertrophic Scar Fibroblasts

Ultrastructural Evidence for Nerve Fibers Within All Vital Layers of the Human Epidermis

Neurofibromatosis 2 and Neurilemmomatosis Gene Are Identical

Nle ⁴ DPhe ⁷ α-Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone Increases the Eumelanin: Phaeomelanin Ratio in Cultured Human Melanocytes

No Evidence for Borrelia burgdorferi-Specific DNA in Lesions of Localized Scleroderma

Up-Regulation of Keratin 17 Expression in Human HaCaT Keratinocytes by Interferon-γ

Suppressive and Enhancing Effects of Ultraviolet B Radiation on Expression of Contact Hypersensitivity in Man

Structure-Function Relations in the Inhibition of Murine Contact Hypersensitivity by Amiloride

Different Effects of Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor and Transforming Growth Factor-β on the Two Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Receptors' Expression in Scleroderma and Healthy Human Dermal Fibroblasts

Interleukin-10 Production by Cultured Human Keratinocytes: Regulation by Ultraviolet B and Ultraviolet A1 Radiation

Repair of Ultraviolet B and Singlet Oxygen-Induced DNA Damage in Xeroderma Pigmentosum Cells

Changes in Expression of Apoptosis-Associated Genes in Skin Mark Early Catagen

Differential Responsiveness of Langerhans Cell Subsets of Varying Phenotypic States in Normal Human Epidermis

The Antiproliferative and Differentiative Activities of 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D ₃ Are Potentiated by Epidermal Growth Factor and Attenuated by Insulin in Cultured Human Keratinocytes

Antibodies to the E4, E6, and E7 Proteins of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Type 16 in Patients with HPV-Associated Diseases and in the Normal Population

Adhesion Molecules. I: Keratinocyte-Keratinocyte Interactions; Cadherins and Pemphigus

Both Dendritic Cells and Memory T Lymphocytes Emigrate From Organ Cultures of Human Skin and Form Distinctive Dendritic-T-Cell Conjugates

Human Keratinocytes Express the Three Major Splice Forms of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor

Isolation and Long-Term Culture of Human Hair-Follicle Melanocytes

Delayed Assembly of Desmosomes in Keratinocytes with Disrupted Classic-Cadherin-Mediated Cell Adhesion by a Dominant Negative Mutant

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