Debate about the relative merits of single-species management versus more comprehensive approaches has intensified in recent years. In east-central Florida, USA, land managers use prescribed burns and mechanical cutting to manage and restore scrub habitat to benefit the imperiled Florida Scrub-Jay (Aphelocoma coerulescens). However, these land-management techniques may affect non-target taxa, especially the threatened southeastern beach mouse (Peromyscus polionotus niveiventris). We evaluated the collateral effects of single-species land management by trapping P. p. niveiventris and other small rodents in eighteen land-management compartments at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, Florida during 2004–2005. Compartments were managed using either prescribed burns (N=5), mechanical cutting (N=6), checkerboarding (cut and uncut lanes alternating and overlapping, followed by a prescribed burn, N=4) or left unburned and uncut for >50year (N=3). P. p. niveiventris was significantly more abundant in compartments managed with prescribed burns (mean±SE: 4.2±0.7 individuals/transect) than those managed with cutting alone (1.0±0.3) or not managed for >50y (0.2±0.1 individuals/transect). In contrast, the cotton mouse (Peromyscus gossypinus) tended to be more abundant in compartments managed with mechanical cutting alone (2.6±0.4 individuals/transect) compared to the other three management strategies (prescribed burns; 1.5±0.4; checkerboarding, 1.1±0.3; not managed, 1.6±0.4 individuals/transect) but these differences were not statistically significant. Abundances of P. p. niveiventris and Florida Scrub-Jay breeding groups were positively correlated (r=0.655), suggesting that both listed species benefit from similar management techniques. Thus, the mosaic of burned and cut patches used to improve habitat for the Florida Scrub-Jay also benefits an endemic, non-target species. Single-species management may benefit multiple species when restoration improves their shared habitat, which in this case is an endangered, fire-dependent ecosystem: Florida scrub.