Metrology and Measurement Systems

Items from 1 to 20 out of 1,147 results

article

Zastosowanie czujników światłowodowych w precyzyjnych zabiegach terapii laserowej

G. Gryz, D. Podniesiński, A. Zając

Metrology and Measurement Systems > 2001 > Vol. 8, nr 1 > 75-90

W pracy zaproponowano sposób wykorzystania światłowodowych czujników z modulacją strumienia promieniowania do pomiaru w czasie rzeczywistym wybranych parametrów optycznych tkanek biologicznych. Przedstawione zostały propozycje rozwiązań konstrukcyjnych oraz wyniki laboratoryjnych badań układów do pomiaru współczynnika absorpcji i zmian współczynnika rozproszenia wybranych tkanek biologicznych. Zaproponowano...

article

A notch filter ac-dc calibration system

M. Kampik

Metrology and Measurement Systems > 2001 > Vol. 8, nr 1 > 91-107

A notch filter for ac-dc calibration system is presented. It filters out the ripples at the output of the thermal converter (TC). The filter enables ac-dc calibration at ppm and sub-ppm level even when the ripple EMF at the output of the TC is a few percent of the dc component. he paper also includes design considerations and filter evaluation. The filtering properties of nanovoltmeters are presented...

article

Wpływ kwantowania na dokładność wyznaczania funkcji korelacyjnych

J. Lal-Jadziak

Metrology and Measurement Systems > 2001 > Vol. 8, nr 1 > 25-40

Przedstawiono twierdzenia Widrowa i warunki odtwarzalności dla kwantowania w zastosowaniu do funkcji autokorelacji i korelacji wzajemnej. Dokonano analizy błędów obciążenia estymatorów funkcji korelacyjnych spowodowanych niespełnieniem odtwarzalności dla kwantowania.Na przykładzie pomiarów wartości średniokwadratowej sygnału harmonicznego, szumu gaussowskiego oraz ich sumy dokonano analizy błedów...

article

Application of modified Youden analysis in the intercomparison of flow measurement facilities

M. Turkowski

Metrology and Measurement Systems > 2001 > Vol. 8, nr 1 > 63-73

A modified method of intercomparison of flowmeter's calibration facilities has been proposed. The method is based on the classical Youden analysis of laboratories intercomparison. The difference is, that instead of two objects (artefacts) only one gas meter is sent for calibration to various laboratories and results of calibration at two or more flow rates are analysed. The method has been tested...

article

Classical and fuzzy neural networks for signal processing and measurements

S. Osowski

Metrology and Measurement Systems > 2001 > Vol. 8, nr 1 > 3-23

The paper presents the tutorial on the recent trends in neural networks theory and its applications in signal processing of the measured data. The main types of the feedforward neural and neuro-fuzzy networks are presented and discussed. The multilayer perceptron, radial basis function network, the self-organizing Kohonen network, hybrid networks and neuro-fuzzy networks of the supervised and fuzzy...

article

Analiza hydraulicznych i elektrycznych modeli krążenia mózgowego krwi i płynu mózgowo-rdzeniowego

M. Kasprowicz, H. Juniewicz, J. Wroński

Metrology and Measurement Systems > 2001 > Vol. 8, nr 1 > 41-61

Praca zawiera literaturowy przegląd modeli krążenia mózgowego krwi i płynu mózgowo-rdzeniowego. Przedstawiono schematy elektryczne i hydrauliczne modeli Marmarou (1978), Hoffmanna (1983), Sorka (1986), Ursino (1988-98) i Czosnyki (1996). Opisano wyniki badań symulacyjnych dokonanych przez autorów modeli. Uznano, że na szczególną uwagę zasługują modele Czosnyki i Ursino. Stwierdzono rozbieżności w...

article

The theory of time-frequency distributions with extension for two-dimensional signals

S. Hahn

Metrology and Measurement Systems > 2001 > Vol. 8, nr 2 > 113-143

The paper presents the theoretical background of Wigner and pseudo-Wigner distributions. Using the notion of the time-domain and frequency-domain pseudo-Wigner distributions a dual-window pseudo-Wigner distribution is derived. This distribution cancel perfectly the cross-terms of well separated auto-terms. The four forms of the Cohen's class distributions are described. The properties of selected...

article

Virtual application of flickermeter

B. Pałczyńska

Metrology and Measurement Systems > 2001 > Vol. 8, nr 2 > 165-177

Conditions assumed in international standardization documents have been given, which are required at the determination of flicker severity on the basis of measurements of undesirable courses of power supply lines. Virtual application of flickermeter devised by the author has been presented. Computer processing algorithms realized in LabVIEW programming environment have been described in more detail...

article

Digital measurement of high frequency interference with use of standard measuring receiver with frequency change

L. Spiralski, A. Konczakowska, B. Pałczyńska, J. Turczyński

Metrology and Measurement Systems > 2001 > Vol. 8, nr 2 > 179-186

Measurement of high frequency interference with the use of commonly available measuring receiver with frequency change is presented. The use of a measuring receiver has made possible limitation the band of the analyzed high frequency signal to a band equal to the width of intermediate frequency band of the measuring receiver. It has enabled subsequent analogue-digital signal processing by means of...

article

Measurement of the intensity function of Poisson random processes, using programmable logic devices

M. Zieliński, J. Zduniak, J. Smyl, M. Kośkiewicz

Metrology and Measurement Systems > 2001 > Vol. 8, nr 2 > 187-195

A high-resolution system designed for time-resolved spectroscopy and composed of programmable logic devices is discussed. The measurement of the intensity function of high-dynamic Poisson processes is described. Methods for improvement of the metrological parameters of the measuring system are considered. The metrological parameters of systems composed of programmable logic devices and ECL circuits...

article

Analog correction of the SH and TH circuits transfer errors in noise mean power measurements

K. Arnold

Metrology and Measurement Systems > 2001 > Vol. 8, nr 2 > 145-152

In the paper, a method of the transfer error correction based on the practice-proved description of the amplitude characteristics of the SH and TH circuits has been proposed. An active unit correcting the measurement path's characteristics has been presented. The analysis of the noise mean power transfer errors after having corrected the path characteristics has been accomplished, and the relationships...

article

Accuracy in determination of correlation functions by digital methods

J. Lal-Jadziak

Metrology and Measurement Systems > 2001 > Vol. 8, nr 2 > 153-163

The influence of a-d conversion with and without dither on the accuracy of the auto and crosscorrelation function determination is considered. Analytic expressions for bias errors of direct digital estimators are derived and discussed. For negligible bias errors, the conditions which signals and dithers should satisfy are formulated. The realizability of these conditions is evaluated.It is shown that...

article

Analysis of the uncertainty of the mean value of strictly periodic and periodic with noise signals with a known bandwidth

G. Smołalski

Metrology and Measurement Systems > 2001 > Vol. 8, nr 2 > 197-211

The a priori knowledge about the measured signal may and should be utilised at all stages of signal parameter evaluation, e.g. for measurement process simplification. This knowledge determines in fact the actual value of the estimated parameter initial uncertainty. The paper describes an example of an evaluation of the initial uncertainty of a signal's mean value when the signal bandwidth is know...

article

New methods of fault diagnosis in electronic circuits based on bilinear transformation in multidimensional spaces

Z. Czaja, R. Zielonko

Metrology and Measurement Systems > 2001 > Vol. 8, nr 3 > 251-262

New methods of localisation and identification of faulty components in linear electronic circuits based on bilinear transformation in multidimensional spaces are presented. The methods, named 3D, 4D, 6D, can be applied in a diagnosis of electronic circuits with the aid of different technologies: conventional measurement systems, testing buses and neural networks. They are also useful for parameter...

article

Wpływ liczby pobieranych próbek i ich usytuowania w okresie na wyznaczanie wartości skutecznej lub średniej sygnału poliharmonicznego

E. Nowaczyk, J. Nowaczyk

Metrology and Measurement Systems > 2001 > Vol. 8, nr 3 > 271-287

W artykule przedstawiono zależności określające wartość skuteczną lub średnią bezwzględną sygnału wyliczaną na podstawie próbek pobranych przez przetwornik synchroniczny. Opisują one wpływ częstotliwości harmonicznych zawartych w próbkowanym sygnale na uzyskany wynik. Otrzymane rezultaty stanowią uzasadnienie, sformułowanej przez autorów w pracy [4], tezy o potrzebie i celowości stosowania filtrów...

article

Automated measuring system for testing chemical sensors

A. Dybko

Metrology and Measurement Systems > 2001 > Vol. 8, nr 3 > 263-270

The paper presents the design and tests of a flow-head for chemical sensor measurements. Electrochemical sensors (ion selective electrodes, ion sensitive field effect transistors) and optical sensors can be tested. A designed automated measuring system consists of a signal conditioning unit, a peristaltic pump, a magnetic stirrer, a burette and a plug-in data acquistion card mounted in a personal...

article

Characteristics of the convolution of two student's distributions and two rectangular distributions

D. Turzeniecka, H. Bogucka, P. Otomański

Metrology and Measurement Systems > 2001 > Vol. 8, nr 3 > 239-250

The article present the results of research on the tendencies of the changes of the coverage factor characteristics as the number of independent random variables increases. Calculations of the selected values of the coverage factor for the convolution of the probability distributions are based on the presented analytical description of the convolution of four component distributions. The characteristics...

article

Evaluation of the expanded measurement unicertainty using higher order error moments and probability distribution approximated by a linear combination of normal distributions

S. Kubisa

Metrology and Measurement Systems > 2001 > Vol. 8, nr 3 > 215-237

Determining of a probability distribution of a total measurement error, needed for a coverage factor and expanded uncertainty exact evaluation, is rather difficult when the distributions of the total error components are not normal. On the other hand a calculation of the higher order moments of the total error is easy if the component moments are known. An approximating function of the total error...

article

Analiza metrologiczna otwartego systemu komputerowego do pomiaru temperatury

J. Makal

Metrology and Measurement Systems > 2001 > Vol. 8, nr 3 > 289-299

W niniejszej pracy opisano tor pomiarowy systemu komputerowego i obliczono niepewność pomiaru przy założeniu, że znane sa parametry metrologiczne elementów toru. Na podstawie sporządzonego tzw. budżetu niepewności przeanalizowano możliwość zwiększenia dokładności pomiaru poprzez zastosowanie dokładniejszych elementów.

article

A method of modelling sampling converter dynamic errors

M. Bojarska, J. Jakubiec

Metrology and Measurement Systems > 2001 > Vol. 8, nr 4 > 337-355

Metrological analysis of a sampling converter in which the measuring processing is realised both by analog elements and programs requires the coherent description of their errors. One of them is the dynamic error. Basing on the model of conversion in the form a differential equation the paper presents the way of defining such a kind of the error as well as static and dynamic models of the analog transducer...

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Metrology and Measurement Systems

Zastosowanie czujników światłowodowych w precyzyjnych zabiegach terapii laserowej

A notch filter ac-dc calibration system

Wpływ kwantowania na dokładność wyznaczania funkcji korelacyjnych

Application of modified Youden analysis in the intercomparison of flow measurement facilities

Classical and fuzzy neural networks for signal processing and measurements

Analiza hydraulicznych i elektrycznych modeli krążenia mózgowego krwi i płynu mózgowo-rdzeniowego

The theory of time-frequency distributions with extension for two-dimensional signals

Virtual application of flickermeter

Digital measurement of high frequency interference with use of standard measuring receiver with frequency change

Measurement of the intensity function of Poisson random processes, using programmable logic devices

Analog correction of the SH and TH circuits transfer errors in noise mean power measurements

Accuracy in determination of correlation functions by digital methods

Analysis of the uncertainty of the mean value of strictly periodic and periodic with noise signals with a known bandwidth

New methods of fault diagnosis in electronic circuits based on bilinear transformation in multidimensional spaces

Wpływ liczby pobieranych próbek i ich usytuowania w okresie na wyznaczanie wartości skutecznej lub średniej sygnału poliharmonicznego

Automated measuring system for testing chemical sensors

Characteristics of the convolution of two student's distributions and two rectangular distributions

Evaluation of the expanded measurement unicertainty using higher order error moments and probability distribution approximated by a linear combination of normal distributions

Analiza metrologiczna otwartego systemu komputerowego do pomiaru temperatury

A method of modelling sampling converter dynamic errors

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