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This paper discusses the meaning of 'vrka' (wolf) in the 'Rg-veda'. This substantive is of Indo- European origin and there are parallels to it with the same meaning in many ancient and modern Indo-European languages. This analysis reveals the deep primordial human fear of a wolf - the embodiment of danger. It also shows the problems of understanding some 'Rg-vedic' stanzas, the context for which can be found only in a diachronic search in the field of Indo-European linguistic and conceptual parallels.