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The occurrence of leaf blotch of wheat caused by Septoria tritici (teleomorph Mycosphaerella graminicola) was more frequent in 1996 in the Upper Silesia region, south-western Poland, than in previous years. Visual scoring and serological tests proved the most rapid development of the disease from the emergence of flag leaf (GS 49) onwards. At the end of dough ripe stage (GS 85) on necrotic spots appearing...
The paper presents results of a plot experiment with 20 varieties of winter wheat artificially infested with Tilletia caries (DC.) Tul. Significant differences in susceptibility of varieties to the pathogen were found. Percentage of diseased ears ranged from 0.75 to 20.00, the least infected were varieties Begra, Elena, Juma and Gama. Percentage of grain yield decrease, as compared to non-infected...
Many species of leaf mining flies feed on cereal crops. Cereal crop plantations with high level of the pest infestation need to be treated with insecticides. The yellow tables covered with glue were used for trapping the pests. The leaf mining flies warning system can provide the information about date of treatment based on counting the trapped imagines of the pest and observation of leaf beetle appearance...
During our study we examined 19 most popular Polish potato cultivars. Susceptibility of tubers to bacterial infection was assessed by two methods: direct injection of bacterial suspension into tuber tissue and clay-inoculation method. The cultivars were divided into three groups: tolerant, relatively susceptible and susceptible. Elida, Bila and Vistula proved to be the most susceptible potato cultivars...
Arion lusitanicus Mab. has occurred in the region of south-eastern Poland for several years and is a dangerous pest of many cultivated plant species. It attacks primarily vegetable crops and rapidly spreads on the studied area. It most willingly eats plant seedlings markedly showing its food preference.
In the years 1992-94 studies were carried out on the occurrence of the broad bean weevil at the broad bean plantations and evaluation of the effect of insecticidal seed dressings upon this pest. The first beetles of the broad bean weevil begin their flight over the plantation before plant flowering (the 3rd decade of May, the 1st decade of June). A maximum of the laid out eggs was noted in the 2nd...
In the years 1977-1980 the bugs were collected from the medicinal plants: Grecian foxglove and common foxglove. It was found that the most numerous bug occurring on these plants (85.7 -99.8% of total fauna of Heteroptera) was one species - Dicyphus pallidicornis Fieb. of Miridae family. This bug caused strong damage of foxglove leaves, which are of economical importance since they are used for production...
The aim of the experiments was to evaluate the effect of amidosulfuron and tribenuron-methyl used in spring barley on yield of winter rape, horse bean and sugar beet cultivated as rotation crop plants. The field experiments were conducted during two years. They were conducted at the Experimental Station of the Institute for Plant Protection at Winna Góra, and showed that amidosulfuron and tribenuron-methyl...
Field experiments were carried out in 1995 and 1996 in several places of Central Poland. Good results of these experiments were: limiting of Heterodera schachtii Schm. population and weed control. During intercrop cultivation new varieties of white mustard and oil radish reduced eelworm population approximately 20-30 %. Only one oil radish variety - Remonta - limited this nematode's population about...
The chromosomal I-18 C region of Chironomus tentans contains the I-18 C gene. Two different open reading frames (i.e. the ORF I and II) of two different transcripts (i.e. the 1.8 kb and 4.6 kb RNA) of the I-18 C gene of Chironomus tentans were isolated, at the DNA level, by the Polymerase Chain Reaction, then were cloned into the bluescript vector and finally were cloned into the pET-3a vector in...
Field studies were performed in the years 1986-1990 on the incidence, severity and harmfulness of eyespot (Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides) on naturally infected winter wheat cultivated in 6 regions of Poland. In average, over one-third of plants showed infection symptoms at GS 75-85 (ripening), the severity of the disease being predominantly low. On the basis of data recorded, infection indices...
In 1987-1990 plot experiments with winter wheat were performed to investigate grain yield losses caused by Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides. Each year wheat was sown after a cereal forecrop to increase the disease risk. Eyespot developed under natural infection conditions. In 1988 an additional experiment was established on plots artificially inoculated with P. herpotrichoides to increase infection...
In the year 1997 distinct injures on winter wheat cv. Kobra were stated strongly resembling symptoms of infection caused by Fusarium. On prematurely ripening plants a partial or total yellowing of ears was observed, and lower parts of internodes showed brown discoloration. It was stated after careful examination that culms and ears were infested with numerous mites, Tyrophagus longior (Gerv.), not...
On wheat seeds harvested in Upper Silesia (south-western Poland) a large number of species of Fusarium were recorded. Fusarium avenaceum and F. culmorum were most commonly isolated. Flooding of fields for 1-7 days caused the increase of pathogenic Fusarium spp. in seed samples, especially F. culmorum. The infection of seeds caused a rapid decrease of their viability, and negatively affected health...
Partition coefficients, determined for the aqueous/acetone solution - dichloromethane system, ranged from 40 to 100, and indicated that the losses of the twenty two tested pesticides, potentially resulting from incomplete extraction procedure, should not exceed 1% and may well be disregarded as the possible cause of error. The recoveries of individual pesticides from spiked samples, using a single...
The paper summarizes the results of observations on the occurence of diseases on hybrid rye Marder F1 and a traditional rye cv. Motto. Observations were performed in field conditions, on plots treated with fungicides, and untreated control plots. Powdery mildew (Erysiphe graminis), leaf scald (Rhynchosporium secalis), leaf rust (Puccinia dispersa), and stem rust (P. graminis) were the most commonly...
In laboratory condition phenolic compounds, such as scopoletin, the ferulic, p-coumaric and trans-cinnamic acid retarded growth of Phoma exigua var. foveata mycelium. Equal effect revealed inhibitors of polyamine biosynthesis, DFMA and DFMO. A role of tested substances in potato gangrene pathogenesis is discussed.
Biological activity of secondary plant substances: glucosinolates, alkaloids and saponins in relation to Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata was studied in detail. Larvae and adult insects were reared on potato leaves sprayed with tested compounds applied in three different concentrations. The insect behaviour, mortality and weight changes were observed. Among examined chemicals saponins...
The technology applied for the cloning of the open reading frame (ORF) I and II reflecting DNA fragments in regard to the identification of the bacterial colonies, of E. coli XL-1 strain, containing the recombinant bluescript plasmids, is described. The particular steps include: the α-complementation test, growing of the preliminary selected bacterial colonies in culture, isolation of the plasmids...
From the surveyed several Brassica oleracea varieties, two viruses have been isolated and identified, namely cauliflower mosaic caulimovirus (CaMV) and tumip mosaic potyvirus (TuMV). Diagnosis was based on the host range, including test plants, on virus properties in sap and in purified virus suspension, on serological tests and on electron microscopic examinations. The third virus, broccoli necrotic...
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